Correlations of milk and serum element concentrations with production and management traits in dairy cows.
Correlations of milk and serum element concentrations with production and management traits in dairy cows.
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DOI：
10.3168/jds.2021-20521
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
3.5
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中科院分区：
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本研究调查了有利的生产相关性状的选择可能对奶牛牛奶和血清中维生素B12和关键化学元素的浓度产生的潜在后果，无论是积极的还是消极的，以及对牛奶健康的可能影响，以及乳制品消费者的相关益处。牛奶和血清样品（分别为950和755）从荷斯坦-弗里斯兰奶牛（n = 479）在59个月的时间内，在19个场合，产生34,258个单独的记录，并分析了关键的微量和定量元素，重金属和牛奶维生素B12的浓度。然后将这些数据与经济上重要的生产数据（牛奶，脂肪和蛋白质产量）和管理数据（干物质摄入量，活体重和身体状况评分）进行匹配。多变量动物模型，包括完整的系谱信息，用于分析数据和调查的利益性状之间的关系。结果表明，牛奶和血清中的许多数量和微量元素与生产和管理性状呈负遗传相关。产奶量与乳量元素Mg、Ca呈极显著负相关（性状间的遗传相关，分别为ra =-0.58和-0.63）以及微量元素Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn和Mo（ra分别为-0.32、-0.58、-0.52、-0.40、-0.34和-0.96）;血清中，Mg、Ca、Co、Fe和Zn（ra分别为-0.50、-0.36、-0.68、-0.54和-0.90）。干物质摄入量与V（ra = 0.97）、Fe（ra =-0.69）、Ni（ra =-0.81）和Zn（ra =-0.75）之间存在较强的遗传相关性，血清中干物质摄入量与Ca和Se之间存在较强的负遗传相关性（ra =-0.95和-0.88）。身体状况评分与血清P、Cu、Se和Pb呈负相关（分别为ra =-0.45、-0.35、-0.51和-0.64），与Mn、Fe和Zn呈正相关（分别为ra = 0.40、0.71和0.55）。我们的研究结果表明，旨在改善经济上重要的生产相关性状的育种策略很可能会对人类消费的牛奶中有益营养素（如镁，钙，铁，锌和硒）的水平产生负面影响。
The present study investigated the potential consequences, positive or negative, that selection for favorable production-related traits may have on concentrations of vitamin B12 and key chemical elements in dairy cow milk and serum and the possible impact on milk healthiness, and associated benefits, for the dairy product consumer. Milk and serum samples (950 and 755, respectively) were collected from Holstein-Friesian dairy cows (n = 479) on 19 occasions over a 59-mo period, generating 34,258 individual records, and analyzed for concentrations of key trace and quantity elements, heavy metals, and milk vitamin B12. These data were then matched to economically important production data (milk, fat, and protein yield) and management data (dry matter intake, liveweight, and body condition score). Multivariate animal models, including full pedigree information, were used to analyze data and investigate relationships between traits of interest. Results highlighted negative genetic correlations between many quantity and trace elements in both milk and serum with production and management traits. Milk yield was strongly negatively correlated with the milk quantity elements Mg and Ca (genetic correlation between traits, ra = −0.58 and −0.63, respectively) as well as the trace elements Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Mo (ra = −0.32, −0.58, −0.52, −0.40, −0.34, and −0.96, respectively); and in serum, Mg, Ca, Co, Fe, and Zn (ra = −0.50, −0.36, −0.68, −0.54, and −0.90, respectively). Strong genetic correlations were noted between dry matter intake with V (ra = 0.97), Fe (ra = −0.69), Ni (ra = −0.81), and Zn (ra = −0.75), and in serum, strong negative genetic correlations were observed between dry matter intake with Ca and Se (ra = −0.95 and −0.88, respectively). Body condition score was negatively correlated with serum P, Cu, Se, and Pb (ra = −0.45, −0.35, −0.51, and −0.64, respectively) and positively correlated with Mn, Fe, and Zn (ra = 0.40, 0.71, and 0.55, respectively). Our results suggest that breeding strategies aimed at improving economically important production-related traits would most likely result in a negative impact on levels of beneficial nutrients within milk for human consumption (such as Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn, and Se).