Spanking in early childhood and later behavior problems: A prospective study of infants and young toddlers
Spanking in early childhood and later behavior problems: A prospective study of infants and young toddlers
复制标题
DOI：
10.1542/peds.113.5.1321
复制
发表时间：
2004-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Wissow, LS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Slade, EP;Wissow, LS
Objective.探讨2岁以前儿童打屁股次数与入学前后行为问题的关系。2岁以下的儿童在入学4年后进行类似的随访。在多变量分析中，控制了基线打屁股频率和其他特征，估计了随访时出现重大行为问题的可能性。参与者是来自一项大规模全国性研究的母亲及其子女。统计分析包括1966名年龄为0至23个月的儿童的种族多样性样本。行为问题的两个二分法指标。第一项研究表明，母亲对儿童行为问题的评分超过了一个阈值。第二个是一位母亲与学校管理人员会面，讨论她孩子的行为问题。在控制了其他因素后，在2岁前经常被打屁股的白色非西班牙裔儿童在入学后更有可能出现行为问题。对于西班牙裔和黑人儿童，打屁股频率和行为问题之间的关联没有统计学意义，并且在结果测量中不一致。在非西班牙裔的白色儿童中，2岁前打屁股的频率与学龄期儿童行为问题显著正相关，但在黑人和西班牙裔儿童中没有。这些研究结果与2岁以上儿童的研究报告一致，但将这些研究结果扩展到从相对较早的年龄开始被打屁股的儿童。
Objective. To explore the relationship of spanking frequency before age 2 with behavior problems near time of entry into school.Methods. Children who were younger than 2 years were followed up similar to4 years later, after they had entered school. The likelihood of significant behavior problems at follow-up was estimated in multivariate analyses that controlled for baseline spanking frequency and other characteristics. Participants were mothers from a large-scale national study and their children. Statistical analysis included an ethnically diverse sample of 1966 children aged 0 to 23 months at baseline. Two dichotomous indicators of behavior problems were used. The first indicated that maternal rating of child behavior problems exceeded a threshold. The second indicated that a mother met with a school administrator to discuss her child's behavior problems.Results. White non-Hispanic children who were spanked more frequently before age 2 were substantially more likely to have behavior problems after entry into school, controlling for other factors. For Hispanic and black children, associations between spanking frequency and behavior problems were not statistically significant and were not consistent across outcome measures.Conclusion. Among white non-Hispanic children but not among black and Hispanic children, spanking frequency before age 2 is significantly and positively associated with child behavior problems at school age. These findings are consistent with those reported in studies of children older than 2 years but extend these findings to children who are spanked beginning at a relatively early age.