The effect of having myopic parents: An analysis of myopia in three generations
The effect of having myopic parents: An analysis of myopia in three generations
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DOI：
10.1097/00006324-199906000-00018
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Edwards, MH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu, MMM;Edwards, MH
目的。近视的病因有遗传和环境两方面的因素。本文的目的是试图区分来自三个地点的三代受试者的遗传和环境因素。方法。对3131名来自香港、天津和板洲的7 ~ 17岁中国儿童进行了非单眼瘫痪性自身屈光和远视敏度的测量，并对其父母和祖父母的屈光状态进行了问卷调查。手术定义近视为球面等效屈光不正（SER）至少为-1.00 D，未矫正视力低于logMAR 0.18（6/9）。结果。祖父母、父母和子女几代人患近视的几率分别为0.06、0.26和0.35。父母近视会增加患近视的比值比（子女一代的比值比为1.85，父母一代的比值比为6.71），显示出遗传影响。然而，非近视父母的后代在第二代到第三代之间患近视的几率也增加了，这表明环境的影响。三个地区的患病率和优势比也显示了环境对近视发展的影响。结论。我们认为中国人的近视发展遵循一个多因子和多基因的模型，其中遗传输入保持不变，而环境影响在过去三代中有所增加。
Purpose. The etiology of myopia has been attributed to both genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of this paper is to attempt to distinguish between genetic and environmental factors in three generations of subjects from three locations. Methods. Noncycloplegic autorefraction and distance visual acuity were measured in 3131 Chinese children 7 to 17 years old from Hong Kong, Tianjin, and Ban Chau, Data on the refractive status of the parents and grandparents were collected using questionnaires. Myopia was defined operationally as spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) of at least -1.00 D and uncorrected vision worse than logMAR 0.18 (6/9). Results. The odds of having myopia for the grandparents', parents', and children's generations were 0.06, 0.26, and 0.35, respectively. Having myopic parents increased the odds ratio for having myopia (odds ratio 1.85 for children's generation and 6.71 for parents' generation), showing a genetic influence. However, the odds of having myopia also increased in offspring of nonmyopic parents between generation 2 and 3, suggesting an environmental influence. Results of prevalence and odds ratios from the three locations also demonstrated an environmental effect on development of myopia. Conclusion. We propose that myopic development in Chinese follows a multifactorial and polygenic model in which the genetic input has remained constant while the environmental influence has increased over the last three generations.