Larval Transport Modeling Support for Identifying Population Sources of European Green Crab in the Salish Sea
Larval Transport Modeling Support for Identifying Population Sources of European Green Crab in the Salish Sea
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DOI：
10.1007/s12237-019-00586-2
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
MacCready, Parker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brasseale, Elizabeth;Grason, Emily W.;MacCready, Parker
2016年，在温哥华岛以东的萨利希海首次观察到入侵的欧洲绿蟹（Carcinus maenas）。由于在太平洋西北地区有许多已建立的绿蟹种群，因此入侵者的来源尚不清楚。了解萨利希海可能的源种群对于制定针对当前绿蟹入侵和未来入侵威胁的管理策略至关重要。为此，本研究利用海洋模型研究了从西海岸四个潜在来源释放的幼虫在颗粒跟踪实验中成功迁移到东萨利希海的可能性，然后研究了颗粒释放时间和海洋过程（即胡安德富卡海峡的水流逆转）在成功迁移概率中的作用。测试的潜在震源位置包括苏克盆地（加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省）、巴克利湾（加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省）、威拉帕湾（美国华盛顿州）和库斯湾（美国俄勒冈州）。模型结果表明，在2014年和2015年期间，南至俄勒冈州，北至温哥华岛海岸的颗粒可能已经到达东萨利希海，这表明太平洋沿岸的多个种群可能是2016年观测到的东萨利希海入侵的可行来源。胡安德富卡海峡的水流逆转与巴克利湾和威拉帕湾的成功入侵同时发生，但没有从苏克盆地或库斯湾入侵。颗粒侵入东萨利希海是偶然的。然而，这些结果表明，海洋模式和气象事件可能有助于确定可能的绿蟹招募期，特别是在厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）指数高的年份。
In 2016, the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) was observed for the first time east of Vancouver Island in the Salish Sea. Because there are many established green crab populations in the Pacific Northwest region, the invaders' origin was unclear. Understanding likely source populations for the Salish Sea is critical to developing management strategies for the current green crab invasion and future invasion threats. To that end, this study used ocean models to investigate the likelihoods that larvae released from four potential source locations on the West Coast could be successfully transported into the eastern Salish Sea in particle tracking experiments, and then examined the roles of particle release timing and oceanographic processes (i.e., flow reversals in the Strait of Juan de Fuca) in the probability of successful transport. The potential source locations tested were Sooke Basin (British Columbia, Canada), Barkley Sound (British Columbia, Canada), Willapa Bay (Washington, USA), and Coos Bay (Oregon, USA). Model results indicate that during 2014 and 2015 particles released from as far south as Oregon and as far north as the coast of Vancouver Island could have reached the eastern Salish Sea, suggesting that multiple populations on the Pacific coast might be viable sources for the observed eastern Salish Sea invasion in 2016. Flow reversals in the Strait of Juan de Fuca co-occurred with successful invasions from Barkley Sound and Willapa Bay but not from Sooke Basin or Coos Bay. Incursions of particles into the eastern Salish Sea were episodic. Nevertheless, these results suggest that oceanographic patterns and meteorological events could be useful for identifying periods of likely green crab recruitment, particularly during years with high El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indices.