Molecular phylogeny and divergence times of drosophilid species.
Molecular phylogeny and divergence times of drosophilid species.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040214
复制
发表时间：
1995-05
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
C. Russo;N. Takezaki;M. Nei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Russo;N. Takezaki;M. Nei
利用ADH基因编码区序列对39种果蝇的系统发育关系和分化时间进行了研究。包括4个属--果蝇属、Zaprionus属、果蝇属和Scaptomyza属(来自夏威夷)和3个果蝇亚属--果蝇属、Engiscaptomyza属和Sophophora亚属。在对adh、adhr(adh相关基因)和核rRNA基因的核苷酸序列以及线粒体DNA的905bp片段进行统计分析后，我们以蜻蜓为外类群。系统发育树表明，果蝇种类的第一大类群出现在Sophophora亚属(果蝇属)和包括果蝇亚属和Engiscaptomyza亚属以及Zaprionus属和Scaptomyza属之间。然后将苦参亚属划分为威氏苦参亚属、暗刺苦参亚属和黑腹苦参亚属。在另一个主要的果蝇类群中，Zaprionus首先与其他物种分离，然后移民D离开剩下的物种群。然后，剩下的这群果蝇被分成复叶果蝇群和夏威夷果蝇群(夏威夷果蝇、英格斯卡普托姆萨和斯卡普托姆扎)。Engiscaptomyza和Scaptomyza紧密聚集在一起。黑腹盘藻、暗纹盘藻和黑腹盘藻均为单系。果蝇亚属和苦参亚属的分裂发生在40Mya左右，而复叶果蝇亚属和夏威夷果蝇亚属的分裂发生在32Mya左右。相比之下，Engiscaptomyza和Scaptomyza的分裂只发生了约11Mya，表明Scaptomyza经历了快速的形态进化。暗纹夜蛾和黑腹夜蛾的种群显然存在约25Mya的分歧。这里研究的许多复纹盘藻种群都有两个功能性的ADH基因(adh-1和adh-2)，这些重复的基因可以用两个重复事件来解释。
The phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of 39 drosophilid species were studied by using the coding region of the Adh gene. Four genera--Scaptodrosophila, Zaprionus, Drosophila, and Scaptomyza (from Hawaii)--and three Drosophila subgenera--Drosophila, Engiscaptomyza, and Sophophora--were included. After conducting statistical analyses of the nucleotide sequences of the Adh, Adhr (Adh-related gene), and nuclear rRNA genes and a 905-bp segment of mitochondrial DNA, we used Scaptodrosophila as the outgroup. The phylogenetic tree obtained showed that the first major division of drosophilid species occurs between subgenus Sophophora (genus Drosophila) and the group including subgenera Drosophila and Engiscaptomyza plus the genera Zaprionus and Scaptomyza. Subgenus Sophophora is then divided into D. willistoni and the clade of D. obscura and D. melanogaster species groups. In the other major drosophilid group, Zaprionus first separates from the other species, and then D. immigrans leaves the remaining group of species. This remaining group then splits into the D. repleta group and the Hawaiian drosophilid cluster (Hawaiian Drosophila, Engiscaptomyza, and Scaptomyza). Engiscaptomyza and Scaptomyza are tightly clustered. Each of the D. repleta, D. obscura, and D. melanogaster groups is monophyletic. The splitting of subgenera Drosophila and Sophophora apparently occurred about 40 Mya, whereas the D. repleta group and the Hawaiian drosophilid cluster separated about 32 Mya. By contrast, the splitting of Engiscaptomyza and Scaptomyza occurred only about 11 Mya, suggesting that Scaptomyza experienced a rapid morphological evolution. The D. obscura and D. melanogaster groups apparently diverged about 25 Mya. Many of the D. repleta group species studied here have two functional Adh genes (Adh-1 and Adh-2), and these duplicated genes can be explained by two duplication events.