Functional anatomy of normal bile ducts
Functional anatomy of normal bile ducts
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.20664
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Fabris, Luca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strazzabosco, Mario;Fabris, Luca
胆管树是一个复杂的管道网络，从赫林管开始，逐渐合并成小叶间、间隔和主要管道系统，然后合并形成肝外胆管，最后将胆汁输送到胆囊和肠道。胆管上皮显示出形态异质性，这与在胆管树的不同水平上执行的各种功能严格相关。除了将胆汁通过漏斗输送到肠内之外，胆管细胞（胆管内衬的上皮细胞）通过执行促胆汁生成和分泌功能而积极参与胆汁产生。最近，关于它们的可塑性（即，经历有限表型变化的能力），反应性（即，参与对肝损伤的炎性反应的能力），以及作为肝祖细胞的能力。与其他分支系统（如神经和血管结构）的功能相互作用在不同胆管细胞功能的调节中至关重要。
The biliary tree is a complex network of conduits that begins with the canals of Hering and progressively merges into a system of interlobular, septal, and major ducts which then coalesce to form the extrahepatic bile ducts, which finally deliver bile to the gallbladder and to the intestine. The biliary epithelium shows a morphological heterogeneity that is strictly associated with a variety of functions performed at the different levels of the biliary tree. In addition to funneling bile into the intestine, cholangiocytes (the epithelial cells lining the bile ducts) are actively involved in bile production by performing both absorbitive and secretory functions. More recently, other important biological properties restricted to cholangiocytes lining the smaller bile ducts have been outlined, with regard to their plasticity (i.e., the ability to undergo limited phenotypic changes), reactivity (i.e., the ability to participate in the inflammatory reaction to liver damage), and ability to behave as liver progenitor cells. Functional interactions with other branching systems, such as nerve and vascular structures, are crucial in the modulation of the different cholangiocyte functions.