Effects of free-air CO2 enrichment and nitrogen supply on the yield of temperate paddy rice crops
Effects of free-air CO2 enrichment and nitrogen supply on the yield of temperate paddy rice crops
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0378-4290(03)00076-5
复制
发表时间：
2003-09-15
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Gumpertz, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, HY;Lieffering, M;Gumpertz, M
大气CO2浓度[CO2]的增加通常会增强农业C-3谷类作物的光合作用和生长，从而大幅提高产量。然而，很少有人知道的[CO2]和氮（N）供应量增加对粮食产量的综合影响。为了更好地了解这些因素对水稻产量的交互作用，我们在岩手的Shizukuishi进行了自由空气CO2富集（FACE）实验。日本，在1998 - 2000年，利用粳稻品种秋田小町。升高的[CO2]图的目标[CO2]高于环境空气中的目标[CO2] 200 ppmV。供氮水平分为低氮（LN，4 g N m（-2））、中氮（MN，8（1998）和9 g N m（-2）（1999，2000））和高氮（HN，12（1998）和15 g N m（-2）（1999，2000））3个处理。锰含量与建议当地农民的水平相若。在3年中，有一个积极的[CO2] × N的相互作用，粮食产量增加只有7%，LN，但约15%，MN和HN。每平方米可育小穗数也存在类似的互作。在氮水平和年份，[CO2]诱导的产量增加密切相关，但小于总干物质生产的增加：因此收获指数（HI）略有下降，[CO2]升高。这种减少是由于在泛生产（穗轴承）分蘖相对于总分蘖数与升高[CO2]的数量减少。产量的增加与单位面积小穗数的增加密切相关，而单位面积小穗数的增加又是由于每平方米穗数和每粒小穗数的增加。随着[CO2]升高，单个籽粒质量的小幅增加对整体产量的增加只有很小的影响。的小穗数响应升高[CO2]是有限的LN，但我们没有发现任何证据表明，N供应水平大于建议（即高于MN水平的N供应）导致小穗数与升高[CO2]进一步增加。这表明，对于本实验的品种和条件，[CO2]诱导的产量增加将接近上限，在推荐的氮供应率。(C)2003 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
Increasing atmospheric CO, concentrations [CO,] are generally expected to enhance photosynthesis and growth of agricultural C-3 cereal crops and as a result substantially increase yields. However, little is known about the combined effect of elevated [CO2] and nitrogen (N) supply on grain yield. To better understand the interactive effects of these factors on the yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.), we conducted a free-air CO, enrichment (FACE) experiment at Shizukuishi, Iwate. Japan, in 19982000, using the japonica cultivar Akitakomachi. The target [CO2] of the elevated [CO,] plots was 200 ppmV above that in the ambient air. Three levels of N were supplied: low (LN, 4 g N m(-2)), medium (MN, 8 (1998) and 9 g N m(-2) (1999, 2000)) and high N (HN, 12 (1998) and 15 g N m(-2) (1999, 2000)). The MN level was similar to that recommended to local farmers. Across the 3 years, there was a positive [CO2] x N interaction for grain yield, with yields increasing only 7% with LN but about 15% with MN and HN. A similar interaction was found for fertile spikelet number per square meter. Across N levels and years, the [CO2]-induced increases in yield were closely related but less than the increases in total dry matter production: as a result harvest index (HI) decreased slightly with elevated [CO2]. This decrease in HI was due in pan to a reduction in the number of productive (panicle bearing) tillers relative to total tiller number with elevated [CO2]. Yield increases were related most strongly to greater spikelet number per unit ground area, which in turn were due to increases in both panicle number per square meter and spikelet number per particle. Small increases in individual grain mass with elevated [CO2] had only a minor effect on the overall yield increases. The spikelet number response to elevated [CO2] was limited with LN, but we found no evidence that N supply at levels greater than that recommended (i.e. above the MN level of N supply) resulted in further increases in spikelet number with elevated [CO2]. This suggests that for the cultivars and conditions of this experiment, the [CO2]-induced increases in yield will approach a ceiling at the recommended rates of N supply. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.