Three‐Dimensional Physical Modeling of Tsunamis Generated by Partially Submerged Landslides
Three‐Dimensional Physical Modeling of Tsunamis Generated by Partially Submerged Landslides
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部分淹没的山体滑坡引发海啸的三维物理模型
DOI：
10.1029/2021jc017826
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shibayama Tomoya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takabatake Tomoyuki;Han Dawn Chenxi;Valdez Justin Joseph;Inagaki Naoto;M?ll Martin;Esteban Miguel;Shibayama Tomoya
大规模山体滑坡可能引发大海啸，危及人类生命和财产。虽然已经进行了一些关于陆上或海底滑坡-海啸的实验室实验，但很少有研究关注部分淹没事件。本研究旨在调查部分淹没的滑坡海啸的特征，并开发一个预测方程，可以通过使用114种不同条件的三维实验室实验来估计它们的高度。实验结果表明，虽然在滑坡滑动方向上产生的波的振幅比在近场区域横向传播的波的振幅高约1.7倍，但波的周期、周期和波长并没有根据传播角度发生显著变化。波的色散效应也被证明是显着的传播过程中。这种波的特性与其他研究人员在现有的陆上滑坡海啸实验中报告的一致。基于获得的数据集，作者还推导出了一个预测方程，该方程被证实能够估计部分淹没滑坡海啸的其他实验研究结果，误差约为± 30%，因此有助于快速海啸灾害评估。开发的方程表明，滑坡的体积对部分淹没的滑坡-海啸高度的影响可能是其他参数的两倍以上。滑坡规模的影响也被证明比陆上滑坡-海啸的情况下更显着，尽管波衰减过程在两种类型中是相似的。
Massive landslides can generate large tsunamis and endanger human lives and properties. While a number of laboratory experiments on either subaerial or submarine landslide‐tsunamis have been conducted, few studies have focused on partially submerged events. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of partially submerged landslide‐tsunamis and to develop a predictive equation that can estimate their heights through three‐dimensional laboratory experiments that used 114 different conditions. The experimental results showed that, while waves generated in the landslide sliding direction had around 1.7 times higher amplitude than those propagating laterally in the near‐field region, the wave period, celerity, and wavelength did not alter significantly according to the propagation angles. The effects of wave dispersion were also shown to be significant during the propagation process. Such wave characteristics were consistent with those reported in existing subaerial landslide tsunami experiments conducted by other researchers. Based on the data set obtained, the authors also derived a predictive equation which was confirmed to be able to estimate the results of other experimental studies on partially submerged landslide‐tsunamis with an error of around ±30%, and thus can be helpful for a rapid tsunami hazard assessment. The developed equation indicated that the volume of a landslide could have more than twice the impact on the height of a partially submerged landslide‐tsunami than other parameters. The effects of the landslide size were also shown to be more significant than in the case of a subaerial landslide‐tsunami, though the wave attenuation process was similar in both types.