Resolving complex chromosome structures during meiosis: versatile deployment of Smc5/6.
Resolving complex chromosome structures during meiosis: versatile deployment of Smc5/6.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00412-015-0518-9
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Hamer G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Verver DE;Hwang GH;Jordan PW;Hamer G
Smc5/6复合体，连同内聚蛋白和凝聚蛋白，是染色体结构维持（SMC）家族的成员，是染色质结构和功能所必需的大环状蛋白复合体。由于对有丝分裂细胞周期的大量研究，Smc5/6被认为在同源重组、停止复制叉的重新启动、核糖体DNA （rDNA）和异染色质的维持、端粒非依赖性端粒延伸和染色体拓扑结构的调节中发挥作用。这些功能的性质表明Smc5/6复合体也有助于染色质的深刻变化，包括减数分裂重组，这是减数分裂的特征。直到最近，对多种模式生物的研究才集中在Smc5/6复合体的潜在减数分裂作用上。事实上，Smc5/6似乎对减数分裂重组至关重要。然而，由于减数分裂过程的复杂性和Smc5/6复合体的多功能性，许多额外的减数分裂功能已经被描述。在这篇综述中，我们提供了到目前为止发现的Smc5/6复合体在减数分裂中的多种功能的清晰概述。此外，我们将这些减数分裂功能与已知的有丝分裂功能进行比较，试图找到共同点，从而使Smc5/6研究领域更加清晰。
The Smc5/6 complex, along with cohesin and condensin, is a member of the structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) family, large ring-like protein complexes that are essential for chromatin structure and function. Thanks to numerous studies of the mitotic cell cycle, Smc5/6 has been implicated to have roles in homologous recombination, restart of stalled replication forks, maintenance of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and heterochromatin, telomerase-independent telomere elongation, and regulation of chromosome topology. The nature of these functions implies that the Smc5/6 complex also contributes to the profound chromatin changes, including meiotic recombination, that characterize meiosis. Only recently, studies in diverse model organisms have focused on the potential meiotic roles of the Smc5/6 complex. Indeed, Smc5/6 appears to be essential for meiotic recombination. However, due to both the complexity of the process of meiosis and the versatility of the Smc5/6 complex, many additional meiotic functions have been described. In this review, we provide a clear overview of the multiple functions found so far for the Smc5/6 complex in meiosis. Additionally, we compare these meiotic functions with the known mitotic functions in an attempt to find a common denominator and thereby create clarity in the field of Smc5/6 research.