THE PRIMATE HIPPOCAMPAL-FORMATION - EVIDENCE FOR A TIME-LIMITED ROLE IN MEMORY STORAGE
THE PRIMATE HIPPOCAMPAL-FORMATION - EVIDENCE FOR A TIME-LIMITED ROLE IN MEMORY STORAGE
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DOI：
10.1126/science.2218534
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发表时间：
1990-10-12
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
SQUIRE, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ZOLAMORGAN, SM;SQUIRE, LR
临床和实验研究表明，内侧颞叶海马结构相关结构对学习记忆具有重要作用。在猴子中前瞻性研究了逆行性遗忘，以了解海马结构对记忆功能的贡献。在海马结构被移除之前的16、12、8、4和2周，猴子学会了辨别100对物体（每个时间段20对不同的物体）。手术后两周，通过再次呈现100个对象对中的每一个来评估记忆，以进行单选试验。正常的猴子表现出遗忘，也就是说，它们对最近学过的东西的记忆比几周前学过的东西要好。海马受损的猴子在记忆最近学习的物体时严重受损。此外，他们对很久以前学过的东西的记忆和正常猴子一样好，而且明显比最近学过的东西好。这些结果表明，海马结构只需要在学习后的有限时间内存储记忆。随着时间的推移，它在记忆中的作用逐渐减弱，一个更持久的记忆逐渐独立于海马结构，可能在新皮层中发展。
Clinical and experimental studies have shown that the hippocampal formation related structures in the medial temporal lobe are important for learning and memory. Retrograde amnesia was studied prospectively in monkeys to understand the contribution of the hippocampal formation to memory function. Monkeys learned to discriminate 100 pairs of objects beginning 16, 12, 8, 4, and 2 weeks before the hippocampal formation was removed (20 different pairs at each time period). Two weeks after surgery, memory was assessed by presenting each of the 100 object pairs again for a single-choice trial. Normal monkeys exhibited forgetting; that is, they remembered recently learned objects better than objects learned many weeks earlier. Monkeys with hippocampal damage were severely impaired at remembering recently learned objects. In addition, they remembered objects learned long ago as well as normal monkeys did and significantly better than they remembered objects learned recently. These results show that the hippocampal formation is required for memory storage for only a limited period of time after learning. As time passes, its role in memory diminishes, and a more permanent memory gradually develops independently of the hippocampal formation, probably in neocortex.