Chemokine receptors and human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Chemokine receptors and human immunodeficiency virus infection.
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DOI：
10.2741/a265
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Bieniasz;Bryan R. Cullen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Bieniasz;Bryan R. Cullen
灵长类慢病毒通过与细胞表面蛋白、CD 4和称为辅助受体的其他分子相互作用来感染靶细胞。最近，HIV-1辅助受体已被鉴定为趋化因子受体家族的七个跨膜G蛋白偶联受体。因此，表达CD 4和合适的辅助受体是必要的，并且足以使靶细胞允许与病毒体或感染的细胞融合。灵长类慢病毒表现出的组织嗜性谱可以在很大程度上解释为辅助受体的差异利用和分布。本文综述了目前已知的选择性利用特定的辅助受体的灵长类慢病毒和包膜/辅助受体相互作用的性质，特别是两个重要的HIV-1辅助受体，CCR-5和CXCR-4。已经清楚的是，这些相互作用在某种程度上是“可塑的”：变异性是显而易见的，无论是在选择的辅助受体和不同的病毒株与其同源辅助受体相互作用的方式。这些研究结果的影响，试图阻止艾滋病毒感染的辅助受体靶向药物和了解艾滋病毒在体内的复制进行了讨论。
Primate lentiviruses infect target cells by interacting with the cell surface protein, CD4 and additional molecules, termed coreceptors. Recently, HIV-1 coreceptors have been identified as seven transmembrane spanning, G-protein coupled receptors of the chemokine receptor family. Thus, expression of CD4 and an appropriate coreceptor is both necessary and sufficient to render target cell permissive for fusion with virions or infected cells. The spectrum of tissue tropisms exhibited by primate lentiviruses can be largely explained by differential utilization and distribution of coreceptors. This article reviews what is currently known about the selective utilization of particular coreceptors by primate lentiviruses and the nature of the envelope/coreceptor interaction, with particular reference to two important HIV-1 coreceptors, CCR-5 and CXCR-4. It has become clear that these interactions are somewhat 'plastic': Variability is evident, both in the selection of coreceptor and the way in which different viral strains interact with their cognate coreceptors. The implications of these findings both for attempts to block HIV infection with coreceptor targeted agents and for understanding HIV replication in vivo is discussed.