Dispersal Mechanisms of the Invasive Alien Plant Species Buffalobur (Solanum rostratum) in Cold Desert Sites of Northwest China
Dispersal Mechanisms of the Invasive Alien Plant Species Buffalobur (Solanum rostratum) in Cold Desert Sites of Northwest China
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DOI：
10.1614/ws-d-13-00011.1
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Nowak, Robert S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eminniyaz, Amanulla;Qiu, Juan;Nowak, Robert S.
研究了新疆高寒荒漠区外来植物水牛草入侵过程中的扩散机制。种子和水果很容易移动的水在灌溉渠之间的过渡带自然沙漠和绿洲。最大漂浮时间在移动渠水是类似于4小时的种子和> 48小时的水果，和水移动水果279米在10毫米。此外，100%的种子保持活力，在8周的洪水在实验室。离体植物的风力滚动平均扩散距离为3.4m，蚂蚁为0.5m。50%的果实在活羊羊毛上的保留时间约为4h。种子和水果落入运河（从10月中旬到4月没有灌溉水）在冬季进行冷分层，然后在春季土壤中清理运河时，可发芽的种子沿着运河的两侧沉积。被扰动的土壤是非常适合植物生长的地方。当地的水牛是通过羊、风和蚂蚁传播的。我们的结论是，灌溉渠中的水是这种入侵物种种子的主要传播媒介，控制其传播的最佳方法是防止植物生长在运河旁边的种子。
Dispersal mechanisms of the alien plant species buffalobur during its invasion of cold desert areas in Xinjiang, northwestern China, were investigated. Seeds and fruits were readily moved by water in irrigation canals in the transition zone between natural desert and a farmed oasis. Maximum flotation time in moving canal water was similar to 4 h for seeds and > 48 h for fruits, and water moved fruits 279 m in 10 mm. Also, 100% of the seeds remained viable during 8 wk of flooding in the laboratory. Mean dispersal distance was 3.4 m by wind-driven rolling of detached.plants and 0.5 m by ants. Retention time for 50% of fruits on wool of live sheep was similar to 4 h. Seeds and fruits that fall into the canals (which are without irrigation water from mid-October to April) are cold-stratified during winter, and then during canal cleaning in spring soil and germinable seeds are deposited along the sides of the canals. The disturbed soil is a highly favorable site for plants to grow. The local spread of buffalobur away from the sides of canals is facilitated by sheep, wind, and ant. We conclude that water in the irrigation canals is the primary dispersal agent for seeds of this invasive species and that the best way to control its spread is to prevent plants growing beside the canals from setting seed.