Yield, selected chemical composition and nutritive value of 14 selections of amaranth grain representing four species
Yield, selected chemical composition and nutritive value of 14 selections of amaranth grain representing four species
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4个品种14个苋菜籽粒的产量、精选化学成分及营养价值
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Elias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Bressani;J. Gonzales;J. Zúñiga;M. Breuner;L. Elias
对4种苋菜的14个选材进行了研究。6个产量超过10公斤36米−2,3个产量低于5公斤36米−2。颗粒大小从1.55到2.14 mm不等，种子重量从0.46到1.18 mg种子−1。籽粒重与产量无显著相关性。蛋白质含量为12.5 ~ 16.0%，脂肪含量为7.7 ~ 12.8%。各品种的磷、钾、钙、镁、钠、铁、铜、锰、锌含量基本一致。C14脂肪酸含量为微量，C16脂肪酸含量为16.83 ~ 23.83%。C18:0脂肪酸含量在1.86 ~ 4.11%之间，C18:1脂肪酸含量在20.29 ~ 35.46%之间，C18:2脂肪酸含量在38.25 ~ 57.86%之间。赖氨酸值为0.73 ~ 0.84%，色氨酸值为0.18 ~ 0.28%。所有选择的种子经热水浸泡20 min后转鼓干燥，进行蛋白质品质评价。
A set of 14 selections of four amaranth species were studied. Six yielded over 10 kg 36 m−2, and three below 5 kg 36 m−2. Grain size varied from 1.55 to 2.14 mm, and seed weight from 0.46 to 1.18 mg seed−1. There was no relationship between seed weight and yield. Protein content varied from 12.5 to 16.0%, while fat varied from 7.7 to 12.8%. The content of P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn was similar among all selections. Trace amounts of C14 fatty acids were found, while C16 acids varied from 16.83 to 23.83% of the oil. The C18:0 fatty acids varied from 1.86 to 4.11%, the C18:1 from 20.29 to 35.46%, while the C18:2 fatty acids varied from 38.25 to 57.86%. Lysine varied from 0.73 to 0.84%, with tryptophan values ranging from 0.18 to 0.28%. Seeds from all selections were processed by hot-water soaking for 20 min followed by drum-drying, for protein quality evaluation.
The three A. caudatus had an average protein efficiency ratio (PER) of 2.45; A. hybridus a PER of 2.34; A. cruentus 2.36 and A. hypo-chondriacus 2.33. Differences were not statistically different. Light and dark coloured seeds had the same average value of 2.36, the study showed important genetic differences in chemical composition.