Awareness of kidney disease in the US population: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999 to 2000
Awareness of kidney disease in the US population: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999 to 2000
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DOI：
10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.04.023
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
13.2
通讯作者：
Radhakrishnan, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nickolas, TL;Frisch, GD;Radhakrishnan, J
背景：据预测，美国人群中终末期肾病(ESRD)的患病率在未来十年内将增加48%，并将构成巨大的医疗成本负担。早期识别和治疗慢性肾脏病(CKD)对于延缓CKD向终末期肾病的进展是必要的。患者对慢性肾脏病的认识对早期干预计划至关重要，但其在非制度化美国人群中的流行率和特征尚不清楚。方法：利用1999-2000年的国民健康与营养检查调查来确定肾脏疾病知晓率的估计值，以及CKD参与者的人口学特征、卫生保健途径和合并症特征。结果：在CKD患者中，40.5%的第1期患者、29.3%的第2期患者、22.0%的第3期患者和44.5%的第4期CKD患者知道他们的肾脏疾病。知晓和不知晓的群体在获得医疗保健方面没有区别。在多元回归模型中，缺乏意识与性别、种族-民族分布和高血压显著相关。结论：在美国非住院人口的代表性样本中，肾脏疾病的知晓率很低。患肾脏疾病风险较高的群体，如非西班牙裔黑人、高血压患者和男性，更有可能不知道患有肾脏疾病，即使获得的医疗保健与有意识的群体相似。需要更多的努力来提高对肾脏疾病的认识，可能应该针对参与筛查过程的初级保健提供者。
Background The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the US population has been predicted to increase by 48% during the next decade and will pose a significant health cost burden. Early identification and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is necessary to delay progression from CKD to ESRD. CKD awareness among patients is crucial to early intervention programs, but its prevalence and characteristics in the noninstitutionalized US population are unknown. Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2000 was used to determine prevalence estimates of kidney disease awareness, as well as demographics, health care access, and comorbid characteristics, of participants with CKD. Results: In participants with CKD, 40.5% of patients with stage 1, 29.3% of patients with stage 2, 22.0% of patients with stage 3, and 44.5% of patients with stage 4 CKD were aware of their kidney disease, respectively. The aware and unaware groups did not differ by health care access. In multivariate regression modeling, lack of awareness was significantly associated with sex, race-ethnicity distribution, and hypertension. Conclusion: Kidney disease awareness is low among a representative sample of the non institutionalized US population. Groups at greater risk for kidney disease, such as non-Hispanic blacks, patients with hypertension, and men, were more likely to be unaware of having kidney disease, even with health care access similar to that of the aware group. Increased efforts to promote kidney disease awareness are needed and probably should target primary care providers involved in the screening process.