Incorporating belief-dependent motivation in games
Incorporating belief-dependent motivation in games
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jebo.2019.04.009
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Dufwenberg, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Battigalli, Pierpaolo;Corrao, Roberto;Dufwenberg, Martin
Geanakoplos等人提出的心理博弈论(PGT)。()，并由BattiGalli和Dufwenberg(2009)显著推广，通过让玩家在终端节点的效用取决于他们的交互信念，扩展了标准的博弈论框架。虽然可以理解，许多建模和/或测试情绪和其他心理力量的角色的应用程序都在PGT中找到了自己的归宿，但该框架是抽象的，由复杂的数学对象组成，例如玩家的无限信仰层次。因此，PGT几乎没有提供关于如何对特定的信念依赖动机进行建模并将其用于博弈论分析的指导。本文采取措施填补这一空白。有些方面被简化了--例如，哪些信念很重要--但另一些方面则经过改进，通过提供更多的结构使其更接近应用程序。我们从依赖信仰的动机入手，展示如何将它们嵌入游戏形式，以获得心理游戏。我们强调时间的作用和对球员意图的感知。我们利用在博弈论基础上取得的进展来扩展和改进PGT解决方案的概念。(C)2019爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Psychological game theory (PGT), introduced by Geanakoplos et al. (1989) and significantly generalized by Battigalli and Dufwenberg (2009), extends the standard game theoretic framework by letting players' utility at endnodes depend on their interactive beliefs. While it is understood that a host of applications that model and/or test the role of emotional and other psychological forces find their home in PGT, the framework is abstract and comprises complex mathematical objects, such as players' infinite hierarchies of beliefs. Thus, PGT provides little guidance on how to model specific belief-dependent motivations and use them in game theoretic analysis. This paper takes steps to fill this gap. Some aspects are simplified - e.g., which beliefs matter - but others are refined and brought closer to applications by providing more structure. We start with belief-dependent motivations and show how to embed them in game forms to obtain psychological games. We emphasize the role of time and of the perception of players' intentions. We take advantage of progress made on the foundations of game theory to expand and improve on PGT solution concepts. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.