The Emergence and Collapse of Knowledge Boundaries.
The Emergence and Collapse of Knowledge Boundaries.
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DOI：
10.1109/tem.2017.2677744
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发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Magee CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Broniatowski DA;Magee CL
知识转移的动态化是工程管理人员的重要课题。在这篇文章中，我们使用主题建模--一种自然语言处理技术，应用于美国食品和药物管理局循环系统咨询小组的文字记录数据，在专家组中研究知识边界-知识转移的障碍。正如先前的理论所预测的那样，我们发现，随着团队面临越来越具挑战性的问题，知识边界出现了。在这一理论之外，我们发现，当团队的专家能力不足以解决其任务时，知识边界停止了实践社区之间的沟通，例如在存在高度新颖性的情况下。我们推测，该小组能够集体运用的专家知识的数量是形成边界的一个决定性因素。这意味着，形成知识边界的一些因素可能有助于而不是阻碍知识聚合。我们通过对几次相关会议的定性探索，简要地探讨了这一猜想。最后，我们讨论了这些结果对试图利用他们的专业知识的组织的影响，因为他们的集体知识的状态。
The dynamics of knowledge transfer is an important topic for engineering managers. In this paper, we study knowledge boundaries – barriers to knowledge transfer – in groups of experts, using topic modeling, a natural language processing technique, applied to transcript data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s Circulatory Systems Advisory Panel. As predicted by prior theory, we find that knowledge boundaries emerge as the group faces increasingly challenging problems. Beyond this theory, we find that knowledge boundaries cease to structure communications between communities of practice when the group’s expert ability is insufficient to solve its task, such as in the presence of high novelty. We conjecture that the amount of expert knowledge that the group can collectively bring to bear is a determining factor in boundary formation. This implies that some of the factors underlying knowledge boundary formation may aid – rather than hinder – knowledge aggregation. We briefly explore this conjecture using qualitative exploration of several relevant meetings. Finally, we discuss implications of these results for organizations attempting to leverage their expertise given the state of their collective knowledge.