Performance Evaluation of Sub-Grid Orographic Parameterization in the WRF Model over Complex Terrain in Central Asia
Performance Evaluation of Sub-Grid Orographic Parameterization in the WRF Model over Complex Terrain in Central Asia
复制标题
中亚复杂地形WRF模型中次网格地形参数化的性能评估
DOI：
10.3390/atmos11111164
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发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Fan Shuiyong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Huoqing;Liu Junjian;Zhang Hailiang;Ju Chenxiang;Shi Junjie;Zhang Junlan;Ali Mamtimin;Fan Shuiyong
The terrain of Central Asia is complex and rugged over mountains. Consequently, wind speed is overestimated over mountains and plains when using the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model in winter. To solve this problem, three different simulations (named as control simulation (CRTL), gravity waves (GWD), and flow-blocking drag (FBD), respectively) were designed to investigate the impact of sub-grid orography (gravity waves and flow-blocking drag) on wind forecasts. The results illustrated that near-surface wind-speed overestimations were alleviated when sub-grid orographic drag was used in GWD, though the upper-level wind fields at 500 hPa were excessively reduced compared to CRTL. Thus, we propose eliminating the gravity wave breaking at the upper level to improve upper-level wind underestimations and surface wind speeds at the same time. The sub-grid orographic drag stress of the vertical profile over mountains was reduced when only the flow-blocking drag was retained in FBD. This alleviated underestimations of the upper-level wind speed and near-surface wind, which both have the same positive effects as the gravity wave and flow-blocking total. The mean bias and root mean squared error reduced by 32.76% and 9.39%, respectively, compared to CRTL. Moreover, the temperature and specific humidity in the lower troposphere were indirectly improved. The results of the study demonstrate that it is better to remove sub-grid orographic gravity wave drag when using the gravity wave drag scheme of the WRF model.
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影响因子：
8
作者：
J. Hawkins;Thomas F. Lee;J. Turk;C. Sampson;J. Kent;K. Richardson
通讯作者：
J. Hawkins;Thomas F. Lee;J. Turk;C. Sampson;J. Kent;K. Richardson
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
T. Yabe;R. Tanaka;T. Nakamura;F. Xiao
通讯作者：
T. Yabe;R. Tanaka;T. Nakamura;F. Xiao
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Shui‐xin Zhong;Zitong Chen
通讯作者：
Shui‐xin Zhong;Zitong Chen
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
J. Whiteway;E. Pavelin;R. Busen;J. Hacker;S. Vosper
通讯作者：
J. Whiteway;E. Pavelin;R. Busen;J. Hacker;S. Vosper
DOI：
10.1002/2015jd024230
发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hyun-Joo Choi;Song‐You Hong
通讯作者：
Hyun-Joo Choi;Song‐You Hong