Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the socioeconomic inequality of health behavior among Japanese adolescents: a two-year-repeated cross-sectional survey
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the socioeconomic inequality of health behavior among Japanese adolescents: a two-year-repeated cross-sectional survey
复制标题
COVID-19 大流行对日本青少年健康行为的社会经济不平等的影响：一项为期两年的重复横断面调查
DOI：
10.1123/jpah.2022-0489
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Takakura M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kyan A;Takakura M.
背景：虽然社会经济地位在健康行为中的差异已经在全球范围内得到了强调，但在日本青少年中却没有得到很好的理解。本研究的目的是澄清在COVID-19之前和期间青少年基本健康行为（如体力活动、屏幕时间（ST）、睡眠、早餐摄入量和排就）方面的社会经济差异的变化。方法：这是一项重复的横断面研究，使用了日本2019年和2021年全国儿童和青少年运动生活调查的数据。分析了2019年和2021年分别有766名和725名参与者的数据。良好的健康行为被定义为每天至少60分钟的中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA），睡眠时间少于2小时，睡眠时间8至10小时，每天早餐摄入量，每3天至少排便一次。我们计算了相等家庭收入水平的每个健康行为的不平等斜率指数和相对不平等指数，以评估绝对和相对经济不平等。结果：MVPA和ST推荐的依从性分别从2019年的20.1%和23.0%显著下降到2021年的11.7%和14.9%。2019 - 2021年，收入水平的MVPA不平等斜率指数和相对不平等指数呈上升趋势，但每日早餐的MVPA呈下降趋势。尽管贫富差距的扩大和缩小对性别歧视没有决定性影响，但对高收入群体来说，差距加剧了。结论：我们的研究表明，在COVID-19之前和期间，青少年在实现推荐的MVPA方面的经济差距正在扩大，而在早餐摄入量方面的经济差距正在缩小。
Background:Although disparities in socioeconomic status in health behaviors have been highlighted globally, they are not well understood in Japanese adolescents. The purpose of this study was to clarify the changes in socioeconomic disparities in adolescents’ fundamental health behaviors, such as physical activity, screen time (ST), sleep, breakfast intake, and bowel movement before and during COVID-19.Methods:This was a repeated cross-sectional study which used data from the 2019 and 2021 National Sports-Life Survey of Children and Young in Japan. Data of 766 and 725 participants in 2019 and 2021, respectively, were analyzed. Favorable health behaviors were defined as daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of at least 60 minutes, ST of less than 2 hours, sleep of 8 to 10 hours, daily breakfast intake, and bowel movement frequency of at least once in every 3 days. We calculated the slope index of inequality and relative index of inequality in each health behavior for equivalent household income levels for assessing absolute and relative economic inequalities.Results:Compliance with MVPA and ST recommendation significantly declined from 20.1% and 23.0% in 2019 to 11.7% and 14.9% in 2021, respectively. The slope index of inequality and relative index of inequality increased in MVPA for income levels, but decreased in daily breakfast in 2019 to 2021. Although the widening and narrowing of the disparity were inconclusive for ST, it exacerbated for the higher-income groups.Conclusions:Our study revealed widening of economic disparities in the achievement of recommended MVPA and narrowing of it in breakfast intake among adolescents before and during COVID-19.