Measurement of Phthalates in Skin Wipes: Estimating Exposure from Dermal Absorption
Measurement of Phthalates in Skin Wipes: Estimating Exposure from Dermal Absorption
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皮肤擦拭巾中邻苯二甲酸盐的测量：估计皮肤吸收的暴露量
DOI：
10.1021/es501700u
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Weschler, Charles J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gong, Mengyan;Zhang, Yinping;Weschler, Charles J.
本研究测定了皮肤湿巾中六种邻苯二甲酸酯（邻苯二甲酸二甲酯 (DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯 (DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯 (DiBP)、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯 (DnBP)、邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯 (BBzP) 和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯 (DEHP)）的含量；检查了可能影响水平的因素，包括身体位置、采样时间和洗手；并根据测量的水平估计皮肤吸收。使用沾有异丙醇的纱布垫从 20 名参与者的前额、前臂、手背和手掌收集皮肤擦拭物。 DiBP、DnBP 和 DEHP 检出率最高； DEHP 水平显着高于 DnBP 和 DiBP 水平，DnBP 水平略低于 DiBP 水平。身体不同部位的水平不同，手掌>手背>前臂>=额头。在 1 个月内对六名参与者进行的重复擦拭采样表明，同一身体部位的水平没有显着变化。对于 DiBP、DnBP 和 DEHP，手掌、手背、手臂和头部皮肤表面脂质的估计中位总真皮吸收量分别为 0.48、0.68 和 0.66 (μg/kg)/天。这些估计值大约占中国成年人报道的总吸收量的 10-20%，表明皮肤吸收对这些邻苯二甲酸盐的吸收有显着贡献。用肥皂和水清洗可以去除手上 50% 以上的邻苯二甲酸盐，这可能是减少总邻苯二甲酸盐暴露的有用工具。
This study has determined the levels of six phthalates (dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di(isobutyl) phthalate (DiBP), di(n-butyl) phthalate (DnBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBzP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)) in skin wipes; examined factors that might influence the levels, including body location, time of sampling, and hand-washing; and estimated dermal absorption based on the measured levels. Skin wipes were collected from the forehead, forearm, back-of-hand, and palm of 20 participants using gauze pads moistened with isopropanol. DiBP, DnBP, and DEHP were most frequently detected; DEHP levels were substantially higher than DnBP and DiBP levels, and DnBP levels were somewhat lower than DiBP levels. The levels differed at different body locations, with palm > back-of-hand > forearm >= forehead. Repeated wipe sampling from six participants over a 1 month period indicated that levels at the same body location did not vary significantly. The estimated median total dermal absorption from skin surface lipids on the palm, back-of-hand, arm, and head are 0.48, 0.68, and 0.66 (mu g/kg)/day for DiBP, DnBP, and DEHP, respectively. These estimates are roughly 10-20% of the total uptake reported for Chinese adults and suggest that dermal absorption contributes significantly to the uptake of these phthalates. Washing with soap and water removed more than 50% of the phthalates on the hands and may be a useful tool in decreasing aggregate phthalate exposure.