Prevalence, distribution, and risk factor for sheep pox and goat pox (SPGP) in Algeria
Prevalence, distribution, and risk factor for sheep pox and goat pox (SPGP) in Algeria
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DOI：
10.1007/s11250-017-1220-0
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Kardjadj, Moustafa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kardjadj, Moustafa
2014年1月至6月期间，在阿尔及利亚全国开展了一项使用测试问卷的横断面研究。我们的调查表明，150个羊群访问，21个是绵羊痘和山羊痘（SPGP）阳性，总的羊群患病率为14%（95%CI 11.08-16.92%），这表明SPGP是在阿尔及利亚流行。我们的研究结果还表明，这种疾病只出现在绵羊中，没有影响山羊的病例报告。对于危险因素分析，变量的单变量分析，然后进行多元Logistic回归，确定草原地区（OR = 1.81，95%CI 0.87-2.57; P = 0.037），大型羊群（OR = 2。19，95% CI 1.02-3.36; P = 0.027）和季节性转移（OR = 3.98，95% CI 2.59-5.34; P = 0.021）为疾病传播的危险因素。此外，我们的研究表明，与未接种疫苗的鸡群相比，在选定的鸡群中使用疫苗接种作为预防措施使SPGP阳性的几率降低了5.78倍（95%CI 2.22-9.34; P < 0.001）。总之，我们的研究结果记录了一个广泛的分布和地方性建立的SPGP在阿尔及利亚绵羊种群的证据，尽管每年的疫苗接种计划。因此，疫苗接种必须覆盖所有阿尔及利亚绵羊种群，以改善动物福利并减少与疫情发作相关的经济损失。
A cross-sectional study using a tested questionnaire was carried out across Algeria between January and June 2014. Our investigation demonstrated that of the 150 flocks visited, 21 were positive for sheep pox and goat pox (SPGP) with an overall flock prevalence of 14% (95% CI 11.08-16.92%) suggesting that SPGP is endemic in Algeria. Our results showed also that the disease appears only in sheep and no case affecting goats has been reported. For the risk factor analysis, univariate analysis of variables followed by a multiple logistic regression identified steppe region (OR = 1.81, 95% CI 0.87-2.57; P = 0.037), large flocks (OR = 2. 19, 95% CI 1.02-3.36; P = 0.027), and transhumance (OR = 3.98, 95% CI 2.59-5.34; P = 0.021) as risk factors in the spread of the disease. Furthermore, our study revealed that the use of vaccination as preventive measures in the selected flocks decreased the odds for SPGP positivity by 5.78 (95% CI 2.22-9.34; P < 0.001) times compared to non vaccinated flocks. In conclusion, our findings documented an evidence of a widespread distribution and endemic establishment of the SPGP in Algerian sheep population despite the annual vaccination program. Consequently, the vaccination must cover all the Algerian sheep population to improve animal welfare and reduce economic losses associated with outbreak episodes.