Luminescence techniques for microbiological analysis of foods
Luminescence techniques for microbiological analysis of foods
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用于食品微生物分析的发光技术
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4615-2662-9_7
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. D. Patel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Kyriakides;P. D. Patel
基于检测酶促反应产生的光的发光技术是目前可用于检测微生物污染物的一些最快的分析方法，也是目前在食品工业中广泛使用的少数快速技术之一。生物发光是一种普遍存在的现象，在许多海洋细菌、一些昆虫和各种其他生物中都可以观察到。基于这种现象的技术可分为两大类：(i) ATP生物发光和（ii）细菌生物发光。另一方面，化学发光在临床领域得到了广泛的应用，特别是在细胞发光研究和使用化学发光标记（如lucigenin和吖啶酸酯）的诊断性免疫测定中（Weeks和Woodhead， 1988）。化学发光标记和化学发光底物，如AMPPD （Patel, 1991）最近也分别用于检测食物组病原体单核增生李斯特菌（核酸探针）和沙门氏菌（酶免疫测定）。本章重点介绍生物发光技术在食品微生物分析中的应用。A TP生物发光测定法已经存在多年，但由于特异性差、试剂稳定性差、试剂成本高和仪器设备成本高等因素，直到最近才得到广泛应用。最近，生物发光技术的复兴主要是由于其最有效的应用，快速评估食品接触表面的卫生或清洁效率。开发产生相对稳定光信号的试剂，引入低成本的光度计，以及商业试剂和仪器制造商提供培训和技术支持，都有助于其成功。细菌的生物发光比它的A TP对应物落后好几年，而且很少有商业上可用的测定方法。这种特殊、灵敏和快速的技术的潜在应用范围很广，人们普遍期待商业协议的发展。为了实现灵敏的检测，A TP和细菌生物发光都需要能够检测少量光的仪器。用于此目的的一系列光度计或光度计在商业上是可用的，其中一些将在本章中提到，但是，为了更详细地评估这些系统，请读者参考Stanley（1992）发表的一篇优秀的评论。
Luminescence techniques based on the detection of light generated by enzymemediated reactions represent some of the fastest assays currently available for the detection of microbial contaminants and are some of the few rapid technologies to be currently utilised extensively in the food industry. Bioluminescence is a phenomenon of widespread occurrence, observed in a number of ocean-dwelling bacteria, some insects and a variety of other organisms. Techniques based on this phenomenon can be divided into two broad categories:(i) ATP bioluminescence and (ii) bacterial bioluminescence. Chemiluminescence, on the other hand, has been widely exploited in the clinical field, particularly in the study of cellular luminescence and diagnostic immunoassays utilising chemiluminescent labels such as lucigenin and acridinium esters (Weeks and Woodhead, 1988). Both chemiluminescent labels and chemiluminescent substrates, eg AMPPD (Patel, 1991) have also recently been used for the detection of the foodbome pathogens Listeria monocytogenes (nucleic acid probe) and Salmonella (enzyme immunoassay), respectively. This chapter focuses on the use of bioluminescence techniques for food microbiological analysis. A TP bioluminescence assays have been available for many years, but until recently have not found widespread use, due to a number of factors, including poor specificity, poor reagent stability, high reagent cost and high capital cost of instrumentation. The recent resurgence of A TP bioluminescence has been principally due to the exploitation of its most potent application, the rapid assessment of hygiene or cleaning efficiency of food contact surfaces. Development of reagents generating comparatively stable light signals, introduction of low-cost luminometers and provision of training and technical support by commercial reagent and instrument manufacturers have all assisted in its success.Bacterial bioluminescence is several years behind its A TP counterpart and few assays are commercially available. Potential applications for this specific, sensitive and rapid technique are wide ranging and the development of commercial protocols is widely anticipated. To achieve sensitive detection, A TP and bacterial bioluminescence have a common need for instrumentation capable of detecting low amounts of light. A range of photometers or luminometers is commercially available for this purpose and a number of them will be referred to in this chapter, but, for a more detailed assessment of these systems, the reader is referred to an excellent review published by Stanley (1992).
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4615-2147-1_10
发表时间：
1995
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Patel
通讯作者：
P. Patel