Soil carbon 4 per mille
Soil carbon 4 per mille
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.01.002
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发表时间：
2017-04-15
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Winowiecki, Leigh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Minasny, Budiman;Malone, Brendan P.;Winowiecki, Leigh
“千分之四土壤促进粮食安全和气候变化”在COP 21上启动，旨在每年将全球土壤有机质储量增加千分之四（或0.4%），作为对全球人为温室气体排放的补偿。本文调查了世界20个地区（新西兰、智利、南非、澳大利亚、坦桑尼亚、印度尼西亚、肯尼亚、尼日利亚、印度、中国台湾、韩国、中国大陆、美国、法国、加拿大、比利时、英格兰和威尔士、爱尔兰、苏格兰和俄罗斯）土壤有机碳储量和固碳潜力。我们问，千分之四倡议对该区域是否可行。这些成果突出了该区域在土壤固碳方面的具体努力和范围。全球报告的土壤固碳率表明，在最佳管理做法下，可以实现千分之四甚至更高的固碳率。在实施最佳管理措施后的前20年，初始有机碳储量低的土壤（表土低于30 t C ha（-1））可以实现高的C固存率（高达10 ‰）。此外，已经达到平衡的地区将无法进一步增加其固碳。我们发现，大多数关于SOC封存的研究只考虑表土（深度达0.3米），因为它被认为是最受管理技术的影响。千分之四的数字是基于对整个全球土壤剖面碳储量的全面计算，然而，增加SOC的潜力主要集中在管理的农业用地上。如果我们考虑在全球农业土壤的顶部1 m中每千人4个，SOC固存在2- 3Gt C年（-1）之间，有效地抵消了全球人为温室气体排放的20-35%。作为减缓气候变化的一项战略，土壤固碳在未来十到二十年内赢得了时间，而其他有效的固碳和低碳技术也变得可行。种植农民面临的挑战是找到颠覆性技术，进一步改善土壤状况，增加土壤碳。在千分之四的进展需要科学家，农民，政策制定者和营销人员之间的合作和沟通。(C)2017作者由爱思唯尔公司出版
The '4 per mille Soils for Food Security and Climate' was launched at the COP21 with an aspiration to increase global soil organic matter stocks by 4 per 1000 (or 0.4 %) per year as a compensation for the global emissions of greenhouse gases by anthropogenic sources. This paper surveyed the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock estimates and sequestration potentials from 20 regions in the world (New Zealand, Chile, South Africa, Australia, Tanzania, Indonesia, Kenya, Nigeria, India, China Taiwan, South Korea, China Mainland, United States of America, France, Canada, Belgium, England & Wales, Ireland, Scotland, and Russia). We asked whether the 4 per mille initiative is feasible for the region. The outcomes highlight region specific efforts and scopes for soil carbon sequestration. Reported soil C sequestration rates globally show that under best management practices, 4 per mille or even higher sequestration rates can be accomplished. High C sequestration rates (up to 10 per mille) can be achieved for soils with low initial SOC stock (topsoil less than 30 t C ha(-1)), and at the first twenty years after implementation of best management practices. In addition, areas which have reached equilibrium will not be able to further increase their sequestration. We found that most studies on SOC sequestration only consider topsoil (up to 0.3 m depth), as it is considered to be most affected by management techniques. The 4 per mille number was based on a blanket calculation of the whole global soil profile C stock, however the potential to increase SOC is mostly on managed agricultural lands. If we consider 4 per mille in the top 1m of global agricultural soils, SOC sequestration is between 2-3 Gt C year(-1) which effectively offset 20-35% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. As a strategy for climate change mitigation, soil carbon sequestration buys time over the next ten to twenty years while other effective sequestration and low carbon technologies become viable. The challenge for croppihg farmers is to find disruptive technologies that will further improve soil condition and deliver increased soil carbon. Progress in 4 per mille requires collaboration and communication between scientists, farmers, policy makers, and marketeers. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.