Factor H Family Proteins in Complement Evasion of Microorganisms.
Factor H Family Proteins in Complement Evasion of Microorganisms.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.00571
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Józsi M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Józsi M
人类致病微生物拥有各种手段来避免我们的免疫系统的破坏。这些包括与宿主补体系统的相互作用，其可促进病原体进入细胞和组织，化解效应补体组分和复合物的分子的表达，以及获得宿主补体抑制剂以下调病原体表面上的补体活性。越来越多的病原微生物获得了结合体液中补体抑制因子H（FH）的能力，从而劫持其宿主保护功能。除FH外，还证明了几种微生物与FH相关（FHR）蛋白的结合。最初的研究假设这些蛋白质是类似于FH的补体抑制剂。然而，最近的证据表明，FHR蛋白可能会直接增强补体激活，也通过与抑制剂FH竞争结合某些配体和表面。这个迷你审查的主要替代途径调节FH在宿主-病原体相互作用的作用，以及对新出现的作用的FHR蛋白作为补体激活的增强剂。
Human-pathogenic microbes possess various means to avoid destruction by our immune system. These include interactions with the host complement system that may facilitate pathogen entry into cells and tissues, expression of molecules that defuse the effector complement components and complexes, and acquisition of host complement inhibitors to downregulate complement activity on the surface of the pathogen. A growing number of pathogenic microorganisms have acquired the ability to bind the complement inhibitor factor H (FH) from body fluids and thus hijack its host protecting function. In addition to FH, binding of FH-related (FHR) proteins was also demonstrated for several microbes. Initial studies assumed that these proteins are complement inhibitors similar to FH. However, recent evidence suggests that FHR proteins may rather enhance complement activation both directly and also by competing with the inhibitor FH for binding to certain ligands and surfaces. This mini review focuses on the role of the main alternative pathway regulator FH in host–pathogen interactions, as well as on the emerging role of the FHR proteins as enhancers of complement activation.