Cardiovascular responses to arterial and venous hemorrhage in neonatal swine.
Cardiovascular responses to arterial and venous hemorrhage in neonatal swine.
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新生猪动脉和静脉出血的心血管反应。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1984.247.4.r626
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gootman,PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Buckley,BJ;Gootman,N;Nagelberg,JS;Griswold,PG;Gootman,PM
在发育猪(小于或等于1日龄、2~5日龄、1wk和2wk龄)上，用氟烷在50%N2O-50%O2中麻醉，观察分级动脉或静脉出血对心血管的影响。每隔3-4分钟连续抽取5毫升/公斤的动脉或静脉血，累积总量为20毫升/公斤。心动过速发生在大多数动物身上。动脉压下降到动脉，而不是静脉压下降，出血与年龄相关。在所有动物中，肾动脉、股动脉和颈动脉的血流量随着出血而减少；血流量的减少在三个循环中没有差别，也不依赖于年龄。仅在2周龄组，股骨对动脉和静脉出血的抵抗力增加。随着出血程度的增加，主动脉压、局部血流量和股动脉阻力(2周龄)的反应幅度更大。1-5日龄仔猪在动脉出血量小于静脉出血时，主动脉压不能恢复到出血前水平的20%以内。在20毫升/公斤失血后，去甲肾上腺素(0.5微克/公斤)和双侧颈总动脉结扎的升压反应仍然存在。这些反应表明，对于动脉出血而不是静脉出血的压力，存在一种与成熟相关的渐进性代偿。
The cardiovascular effects of graded arterial or venous hemorrhage were evaluated in developing swine (less than or equal to 1 day, 2–5 days, 1 wk, and 2 wk of age) anesthetized with halothane in 50% N2O–50% O2. Serial 5-ml/kg aliquots of arterial or venous blood were removed at 3- to 4-min intervals to a cumulative total of 20 ml/kg. Tachycardia occurred in most animals. Decreases in aortic pressure to arterial, but not to venous, hemorrhage were age dependent. Renal, femoral, and carotid arterial flows decreased with hemorrhage in all animals; the decreases in blood flow did not differ among the three circulations and were not age dependent. Increases in femoral resistance were obtained to both arterial and venous hemorrhage only in the 2-wk-old group. As the degree of hemorrhage was increased, aortic pressure, regional blood flow, and femoral resistance (2 wk olds) responses were larger in magnitude. Aortic pressure in piglets 1-5 days of age could not be restored to within 20% of the prehemorrhage level at a smaller bleeding volume with arterial than with venous hemorrhage. Pressor responses to norepinephrine (0.5 micrograms/kg) and to bilateral common carotid occlusion were still present after 20-ml/kg hemorrhage. These responses indicate the presence of a progressive maturation-related compensation to the stress of arterial but not venous hemorrhage.