Chronic stress and major depression.
Chronic stress and major depression.
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800040015003
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发表时间：
1986-04
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Breslau;G. Davis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Breslau;G. Davis
在残疾儿童的母亲（慢性压力样本，n = 310）和基于地理位置的概率样本（对照组，n = 357）中，比较了6个月和终生的DSM-III重度抑郁症（MDD）和障碍特征。通过国家精神卫生研究所诊断访谈表确定DSM-III MDD的存在。虽然在慢性压力样本的母亲有显着更多的抑郁症状，抑郁症的比率在两个样本中没有显着差异。在慢性应激样本中，患有MDD的女性报告发病年龄较低，一生中的发作次数比诊断可比的对照组多，但两个样本在最严重发作的病理学方面没有差异。这些数据不支持慢性应激在MDD中的病因学作用，也不支持慢性应激与独特的症状特征或更严重的发作相关的假设。他们认为，慢性压力在促成疾病发作方面发挥了作用，尽管在这一点上的证据必须谨慎解释。
Six-month and lifetime rates of DSM-III major depressive disorder (MDD) and characteristics of the disorder were compared in mothers of children with disabilities (chronic stress sample, n = 310) and in a geographically based probability sample (controls, n = 357). The presence of DSM-III MDD was ascertained by the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Although mothers in the chronic stress sample had significantly more depressive symptoms, rates of MDD were not significantly different in the two samples. The women with MDD in the chronic stress sample reported a lower age of onset and more episodes in lifetime than diagnostically comparable controls, but the two samples did not differ in symptomatology of worst episode. The data do not support an etiologic role for chronic stress in MDD, nor do they support the hypothesis that chronic stress is associated with a unique symptom profile or more severe episodes. They suggest a role for chronic stress in precipitating episodes, although the evidence on this point must be interpreted with caution.