An insula-frontostriatal network mediates flexible cognitive control by adaptively predicting changing control demands.
An insula-frontostriatal network mediates flexible cognitive control by adaptively predicting changing control demands.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms9165
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发表时间：
2015-09-22
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Egner T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang J;Beck J;Heller K;Egner T
前扣带皮层和外侧前额叶皮层与情境相关的注意力控制有关，但我们灵活地调整控制设置以适应不断变化的环境的能力背后的学习机制仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们表明，人类对不同控制需求的调整是由具有灵活的、波动驱动的学习率的强化学习器捕获的。使用基于模型的功能性磁共振成像，我们证明了控制需求的波动性估计的前额叶，这反过来又优化了预测即将到来的尾状核的需求。尾状核对控制需求的预测随后指导背侧前扣带回和背外侧前额叶皮层主动和反应性注意控制的实施。这些数据增强了我们对适应性行为的神经计算机制的理解，将经典的扣带-前额叶认知控制网络与皮层下控制学习机制连接起来，后者通过灵活地整合远程和最近的过去经验来推断未来的需求。 不断调整行为策略的能力是人类认知的一个标志，但其潜在机制仍然知之甚少。在这里，作者表明，岛叶-额纹状体网络介导这种灵活的认知控制，自适应地预测不断变化的控制需求。
The anterior cingulate and lateral prefrontal cortices have been implicated in implementing context-appropriate attentional control, but the learning mechanisms underlying our ability to flexibly adapt the control settings to changing environments remain poorly understood. Here we show that human adjustments to varying control demands are captured by a reinforcement learner with a flexible, volatility-driven learning rate. Using model-based functional magnetic resonance imaging, we demonstrate that volatility of control demand is estimated by the anterior insula, which in turn optimizes the prediction of forthcoming demand in the caudate nucleus. The caudate's prediction of control demand subsequently guides the implementation of proactive and reactive attentional control in dorsal anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices. These data enhance our understanding of the neuro-computational mechanisms of adaptive behaviour by connecting the classic cingulate-prefrontal cognitive control network to a subcortical control-learning mechanism that infers future demands by flexibly integrating remote and recent past experiences. The ability to continually adjust behavioural strategies is a hallmark of human cognition, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here the authors show that an insula-frontostriatal network mediates such flexible cognitive control by adaptively predicting changing control demands.