Gene drive through a landscape: Reaction-diffusion models of population suppression and elimination by a sex ratio distorter
Gene drive through a landscape: Reaction-diffusion models of population suppression and elimination by a sex ratio distorter
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tpb.2015.11.005
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Burt, Austin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beaghton, Andrea;Beaghton, Pantelis John;Burt, Austin
有些基因或基因复合体以比孟德尔更快的速度从父母传给后代，即使它们对携带它们的个体造成了一些伤害，也能在种群中传播和持续存在。这些基因可能有助于控制有害的种群或物种。在这方面，驱动Y染色体可能特别有效，因为它们产生了男性偏向的性别比例，如果足够极端，可能导致人口灭绝。为了更好地了解这种基因在景观中传播的潜力，我们已经开发了一系列的反应扩散模型的驱动Y染色体在1-D和径向对称的2-D无界域。野生型系统的承载能力被发现是不稳定的引入驾驶Y男性的所有模型的调查。数值解表现出行波脉冲和波前，并推导出有界初始条件下的渐近波速的解析和半解析解。驾驶Y男性入侵的野生型平衡状态在前面的波和完全取代野生型男性，留下的，在尾部的波，减少或零人口状态的女性和驾驶Y男性。在我们最简单的模型中，一个生命阶段和密度依赖死亡率的人口，波速取决于驱动力的强度和Y驱动男性的扩散率，并且与人口动态后果（抑制或消除）无关。将固定持续时间的不动的少年阶段加入模型中，会使波速与少年所花费的相对时间大致成比例地降低。如果雌性在一生中只交配一次，储存精子用于随后的繁殖，那么波的速度取决于交配的雌性和Y驱动的雄性的运动，并且可能比多次交配模型更快或更慢，这取决于幼年和成年生命阶段的相对持续时间。数值解显示的参数值，可能是部分代表冈比亚按蚊，在撒哈拉以南非洲的疟疾的主要载体。(C)2015作者爱思唯尔公司出版
Some genes or gene complexes are transmitted from parents to offsprihg at a greater-than-Mendelian rate, and can spread and persist in populations even if they cause some harm to the individuals carrying them. Such genes may be useful for controlling populations or species that are harmful. Driving-Y chromosomes may be particularly potent in this regard, as they produce a male-biased sex ratio that, if sufficiently extreme, can lead to population elimination. To better understand the potential of such genes to spread over a landscape, we have developed a series of reaction-diffusion models of a driving-Y chromosome in 1-D and radially-symmetric 2-D unbounded domains. The wild-type system at carrying capacity is found to be unstable to the introduction of driving-Y males for all models investigated. Numerical solutions exhibit travelling wave pulses and fronts, and analytical and semi-analytical solutions for the asymptotic wave speed under bounded initial conditions are derived. The driving-Y male invades the wild-type equilibrium state at the front of the wave and completely replaces the wild-type males, leaving behind, at the tail of the wave, a reduced- or zero-population state of females and driving-Y males only. In our simplest model of a population with one life stage and density-dependent mortality, wave speed depends on the strength of drive and the diffusion rate of Y-drive males, and is independent of the population dynamic consequences (suppression or elimination). Incorporating an immobile juvenile stage of fixed duration into the model reduces wave speed approximately in proportion to the relative time spent as a juvenile. If females mate just once in their life, storing sperm for subsequent reproduction, then wave speed depends on the movement of mated females as well as Y-drive males, and may be faster or slower than in the multiple-mating model, depending on the relative duration of juvenile and adult life stages. Numerical solutions are shown for parameter values that may in part be representative for Anopheles gambiae, the primary vector of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.