The Impact of Marijuana Policies on Youth: Clinical, Research, and Legal Update
The Impact of Marijuana Policies on Youth: Clinical, Research, and Legal Update
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2014-4146
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Adelman, William P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ammerman, Seth;Ryan, Sheryl;Adelman, William P.
本政策声明是对美国儿科学会2004年发表的政策声明“Maritime合法化：对青年的潜在影响”的更新。儿科医生在儿童和青少年护理方面有特殊的专业知识，可能会被要求就大麻法律的地位的变化对青少年的潜在影响向立法者提供建议。父母也可以向儿科医生寻求建议，因为他们考虑是否支持州一级的倡议，建议将大麻用于医疗和非医疗目的合法化，或将拥有少量大麻合法化。本政策声明提供了美国儿科学会在大麻合法化问题上的立场。随附的技术报告回顾了目前所知的大麻使用与健康和大脑发育的关系，大麻的法律的地位和青少年使用大麻的情况，以更好地了解法律的地位的变化如何影响青少年未来使用大麻的程度。本技术报告更新了2004年美国儿科学会关于大麻合法化的技术报告。目前流行病学的大麻使用，是大麻化合物的定义和生物学，大麻使用的副作用，以及使用对青少年大脑发育的影响。还专门讨论了有关医用大麻的问题。关于大麻合法化，在美国有4种不同的方法：大麻合法化仅用于医疗目的，娱乐使用大麻的合法化，娱乐使用大麻的合法化，以及娱乐（和医疗）使用大麻的刑事起诉。这些方法进行了比较，并提出了最新的可用数据，以帮助形成公共政策。对青少年使用和持有大麻的刑事处罚的影响也得到了解决，因为其他3种政策方法对青少年使用大麻的影响或潜在影响。建议载于随附的政策声明。
This policy statement is an update of the American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement "Legalization of Marijuana: Potential Impact on Youth," published in 2004. Pediatricians have special expertise in the care of children and adolescents and may be called on to advise legislators about the potential impact of changes in the legal status of marijuana on adolescents. Parents also may look to pediatricians for advice as they consider whether to support state-level initiatives that propose to legalize the use of marijuana for medical and nonmedical purposes or to decriminalize the possession of small amounts of marijuana. This policy statement provides the position of the American Academy of Pediatrics on the issue of marijuana legalization. The accompanying technical report reviews what is currently known about the relationships of marijuana use with health and the developing brain and the legal status of marijuana and adolescents' use of marijuana to better understand how change in legal status might influence the degree of marijuana use by adolescents in the future.This technical report updates the 2004 American Academy of Pediatrics technical report on the legalization of marijuana. Current epidemiology of marijuana use is presented, as are definitions and biology of marijuana compounds, side effects of marijuana use, and effects of use on adolescent brain development. Issues concerning medical marijuana specifically are also addressed. Concerning legalization of marijuana, 4 different approaches in the United States are discussed: legalization of marijuana solely for medical purposes, decriminalization of recreational use of marijuana, legalization of recreational use of marijuana, and criminal prosecution of recreational (and medical) use of marijuana. These approaches are compared, and the latest available data are presented to aid in forming public policy. The effects on youth of criminal penalties for marijuana use and possession are also addressed, as are the effects or potential effects of the other 3 policy approaches on adolescent marijuana use. Recommendations are included in the accompanying policy statement.