Advancing the understanding of placebo effects in psychological outcomes of exercise: Lessons learned and future directions
Advancing the understanding of placebo effects in psychological outcomes of exercise: Lessons learned and future directions
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DOI：
10.1080/17461391.2019.1632937
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发表时间：
2019-07-10
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Beedie, Chris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lindheimer, Jacob B.;Szabo, Attila;Beedie, Chris
尽管有明显的科学证据表明，急性和慢性运动都能带来心理益处，但人们仍然担心这些益处在多大程度上可以用安慰剂效应来解释。解决这些问题在方法上，有时在概念上具有挑战性。然而，心理学，神经科学，药理学和人类表现领域的安慰剂效应的概念化和研究的发展为促进对运动心理反应的安慰剂效应的理解提供了指导。在临床试验中，期望值可以通过测量和实验操作来更好地理解安慰剂效应对治疗反应的影响。此外，令人信服的证据表明，安慰剂效应及其潜在的神经生物学机制对治疗效果的贡献可以在不使用传统安慰剂（例如惰性物质）的情况下通过利用心理因素（例如期望和条件反射）来测量。因此，这一重点审查的目的是整合经验教训，如这些与目前的身体的安慰剂效应的心理反应，运动的文献，并为未来的研究方向提供建议。
Despite the apparent strength of scientific evidence suggesting that psychological benefits result from both acute and chronic exercise, concerns remain regarding the extent to which these benefits are explained by placebo effects. Addressing these concerns is methodologically and at times conceptually challenging. However, developments in the conceptualisation and study of placebo effects from the fields of psychology, neuroscience, pharmacology, and human performance offer guidance for advancing the understanding of placebo effects in psychological responses to exercise. In clinical trials, expectations can be measured and experimentally manipulated to better understand the influence of placebo effects on treatment responses. Further, compelling evidence has shown that the contribution of placebo effects and their underlying neurobiological mechanisms to treatment effects can be measured without administering a traditional placebo (e.g. inert substance) by leveraging psychological factors such as expectations and conditioning. Hence, the purpose of this focused review is to integrate lessons such as these with the current body of literature on placebo effects in psychological responses to exercise and provide recommendations for future research directions.