Innovations in Ethnic Landscapes: A Study of Innovations in Three Municipalities in Northern Norway
Innovations in Ethnic Landscapes: A Study of Innovations in Three Municipalities in Northern Norway
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民族景观的创新：挪威北部三个城市的创新研究
DOI：
10.1080/08276331.2005.10593338
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nils Aarsæther
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Torill Nyseth;Nils Aarsæther
处于极端边缘的人们能够创新吗？这项研究涵盖了挪威北方的三个多民族城市，研究的问题是地方机构在多大程度上与创新进程相联系。报告涉及两个主要机构：地方政府机构和有关市镇的族裔传统（萨米人、克文人和挪威人的混合）。研究发现，这些城市有大量（42个）创新进程，已选定其中7个进行后续研究。这一选择是基于对创新的变革性的评估，研究人员试图涵盖广泛的创新领域，除了商业创新之外，还包括公共部门和民间社会的创新进程。事实证明，大多数选定的创新与这些城市的具体民族背景有着密切的联系，市政机构在实施这些创新中也发挥了重要作用。此外，Kåfjord是这三个城市中最贫困的城市，1980-2000年人口严重流失，是报告创新数量最多的城市，也显示出创新从技术，旅游，身份政治和与外部世界的联系中获益。总之，研究报告指出了非常小和偏远的社区在未来的潜力，因为它们能够将传统因素-在Kåfjord的情况下，是沿海萨米人的民族复兴-与商业、政治和技术因素结合起来。
Abstract Are people in the extreme periphery able to innovate? This study covers three multi-ethnic municipalities in Northern Norway, and the research question is to what extent local institutions are linked to innovative processes. Two dominant institutions are addressed: The local government institution, and the ethnic traditions (a mix of Sami, Kven, Norwegian) of the municipalities in question. The research uncovered a substantial number (42) of innovative processes in these municipalities, and seven of these have been selected for a followup study. The selection is based on an assessment of the transformative character of the innovation, and the researchers have tried to cover a broad innovation field, including also public sector and civil society innovative processes, in addition to commercial innovations. It turned out that most of the selected innovations had strong links to the specific ethnic contexts of these municipalities, and that the municipal institution also played a significantrole in their implementation. Further, Kåfjord, the most deprived of these three municipalities—the one suffering a severe population loss 1980–2000—turned out to be the one with the largest number of innovations reported, and also showing innovations profiting from a interlinking of technology, tourism, identity politics and networking with the outside world. In sum, the study points to the potentials also of very small and remote communities in the future, to the extent that they are able to combine traditional elements—in the case of Kåfjord an ethnic revival as Coast Sami people—with commercial, political and technological elements.