대화함축(Conversational implicature)에 대한 연구
대화함축(Conversational implicature)에 대한 연구
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会话含义
DOI：
10.1017/cbo9780511813313.006
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Issa Al
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Issa Al
我现在可以描述对话含义的概念了。如果一个人说（在，当）p暗示了q，那么他就可以说在谈话中暗示了q，前提是(1)假定他遵守了谈话原则，或者至少遵守了合作原则；(2)假设他知道或认为q是必需的，以便使他所说的或做出的好像说了p（或在那些术语中这样做）符合这个假设；(3)讲话者认为（并且期望听话者认为讲话者认为）听话者有能力计算出或凭直觉把握(2)中提到的假设是必要的。(格赖斯1975:49-50)
I am now in a position to characterize the notion of conversational implicature. A man who, by (in, when) saying (or making as if to say) that p has implicated that q, may be said to have conversationally implicated that q, PROVIDED THAT (1) he is to be presumed to be observing the conversational maxims, or at least the cooperative principle; (2) the supposition that he is aware that, or thinks that, q is required in order to make his saying or making as if to say p (or doing so in THOSE terms) consistent with this presumption; and (3) the speaker thinks (and would expect the hearer to think that the speaker thinks) that it is within the competence of the hearer to work out, or grasp intuitively, that the supposition mentioned in (2) IS required. (Grice 1975:49–50)