Lexico-semantic impairment in a case of HSVE to the left anterior temporal lobe
Lexico-semantic impairment in a case of HSVE to the left anterior temporal lobe
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左前颞叶 HSVE 病例的词汇语义障碍
DOI：
10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.10.199
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Tainturier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Roberts;E. Hughs;M. Tainturier
本研究探讨了左前颞叶（aTL）在语义中的作用。临床和神经科学研究表明，双侧aTL （BaTL）与语义有关，基于以下发现：(1)在语义性痴呆（SD）和疱疹-单纯-病毒性脑炎（HSVE）中观察到的BaTL破坏导致多模态语义损伤；(2)在神经系统完好的参与者中，可以通过对BaTL进行“虚拟损伤”（重复经颅磁刺激）来模拟损伤；(3)神经影像学研究确定了语义任务的BaTL激活（图1，Lambon Ralph et al., 2012，第1-3点）。基于这一证据的假设是，语义损伤只会由BaTL损伤引起。最近，研究人员提出，语义知识的丧失可能是由LaTL损伤引起的。使用敏感试验，可以在慢性中风（Schwartz et al., 2009）和癫痫患者的颞叶切除（rTLE: Antonucci et al., 2008; Lambon Ralph et al., 2012）中观察到这一点。令人感兴趣的是，rTLE与SD非常早期阶段（左侧萎缩与切除重叠）惊人的相似——损伤是轻微的，主要症状是精神错乱和/或健忘。这是基于语义缺陷可能由LaTL损伤引起的可能性。虽然rTLE研究提供了对这一概念的见解，但必须谨慎-术前癫痫发作可能会引发脑组织/正常发育的变化，并且功能重组可能发生在手术后。慢性中风的研究是有问题的，因为病变很大，包括其他可能导致损伤的区域。因此，LaTL病变是否导致语义损伤尚不完全清楚。本案例研究的目的是发起一项调查，以确定语义障碍是否实际上存在于LaTL损伤后。
This study investigates the role of the left anterior temporal lobe (aTL) in semantics. Clinical and neuroscientific investigations propose the aTL bilaterally (BaTL), are implicated in semantics, based on findings that: (1) disruption to BaTL results in a multimodal semantic impairment, observed in semantic dementia (SD) and herpes-simplex-viral-encephalitis (HSVE); (2) impairment can be mimicked by inducing a “virtual lesion” (repetitive-transcranial-magnetic-stimulation) to BaTL in neurologically intact participants; (3) neuroimaging studies identify BaTL activation for semantic tasks (Fig 1, Lambon Ralph et al., 2012, for points 1-3). Anchored in this evidence is the assumption that semantic impairment will result from BaTL damage only. Recently, investigators have suggested a loss of semantic knowledge can result from LaTL damage. Using sensitive tests, this can be observed in chronic stroke (Schwartz et al., 2009) and temporal lobe resection for epilepsy patients (rTLE: Antonucci et al., 2008; Lambon Ralph et al., 2012). Of interest is the striking similarity of rTLE and very early stages of SD (when atrophy is left sided and overlaps with resection) – impairment is mild and the primary symptom is anomia and/or forgetfulness. This builds upon the possibility that a semantic weakness may result from a LaTL lesion. Whilst rTLE studies have provided insight into this notion, one must be cautious – pre-surgical seizures may initiate changes in brain organisation/normal development, and reorganisation of function could occur post-surgery. Chronic stroke studies are problematic since lesions are large and encompass other areas that may contribute to the impairment. Consequently, whether LaTL lesions results in semantic impairment is not entirely understood. The goal of the present case study was to initiate an investigation to determine whether semantic impairment is in fact present following LaTL lesion.
DOI：
10.1093/brain/awr325
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
Brain : a journal of neurology
影响因子：
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作者：
M. L. Lambon Ralph;Sheeba Ehsan;G. Baker;T. Rogers
通讯作者：
M. L. Lambon Ralph;Sheeba Ehsan;G. Baker;T. Rogers