Helicobacter pylori and gastroduodenal pathology: new threats of the old friend.
Helicobacter pylori and gastroduodenal pathology: new threats of the old friend.
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DOI：
10.1186/1476-0711-4-1
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发表时间：
2005-01-05
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Sechi, Leonardo A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmed, Niyaz;Sechi, Leonardo A
人类胃病原体幽门螺杆菌可引起慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡、胃癌和粘膜相关淋巴组织（MALT）淋巴瘤。它感染了世界上超过50%的人口，然而，只有一小部分感染者经历了H。幽门相关疾病在基因组序列被破译后的几年里，与疾病特异性因素的联系仍然是个谜。携带细胞毒素相关抗原A（cagA）基因的幽门螺杆菌菌株感染与胃癌相关。最近的研究揭示了cagA蛋白触发肿瘤致病活动的机制。其他候选基因如可塑性区域簇的某些成员也被认为与胃癌相关。研究了H.全球范围内的幽门螺杆菌感染提供了一个窗口，了解人类人口迁移的历史和这种病原体与其宿主的共同进化。自发现该病原体以来，可能的共生关系一直存在争议。随着一些研究提出H.幽门螺杆菌感染可能对某些人有益。这一假设是基于H.在一些国家根除幽门螺杆菌。比较基因组学的贡献，我们的理解的基因组组织和多样性的H。幽门螺杆菌及其病理生理学的重要性，以人类的健康为例，在这方面的审查。
The human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori causes chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. It infects over 50% of the worlds' population, however, only a small subset of infected people experience H. pylori-associated illnesses. Associations with disease-specific factors remain enigmatic years after the genome sequences were deciphered. Infection with strains of Helicobacter pylori that carry the cytotoxin-associated antigen A (cagA) gene is associated with gastric carcinoma. Recent studies revealed mechanisms through which the cagA protein triggers oncopathogenic activities. Other candidate genes such as some members of the so-called plasticity region cluster are also implicated to be associated with carcinoma of stomach. Study of the evolution of polymorphisms and sequence variation in H. pylori populations on a global basis has provided a window into the history of human population migration and co-evolution of this pathogen with its host. Possible symbiotic relationships were debated since the discovery of this pathogen. The debate has been further intensified as some studies have posed the possibility that H. pylori infection may be beneficial in some humans. This assumption is based on increased incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett's oesophagus and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus following H. pylori eradication in some countries. The contribution of comparative genomics to our understanding of the genome organisation and diversity of H. pylori and its pathophysiological importance to human healthcare is exemplified in this review.