Measurement of debris mass changes and assessment of the dam-break flood potential of earthquake-triggered Hattian landslide dam
Measurement of debris mass changes and assessment of the dam-break flood potential of earthquake-triggered Hattian landslide dam
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DOI：
10.1007/s10346-010-0241-9
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发表时间：
2011-06
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
A. Sattar;K. Konagai;T. Kiyota;T. Ikeda;J. Johansson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Sattar;K. Konagai;T. Kiyota;T. Ikeda;J. Johansson
由2005年克什米尔地震引发的Hattian滑坡形成了世界上最大的滑坡坝之一，对生活在Jhelum河下游的人们构成了严重的洪水威胁。为了了解坝体变形情况，采用差分全球定位系统（DGPS）进行了物理测量。最初观察到逐渐变形和缓慢发展的向后侵蚀，最终导致滑坡坝下游斜坡上突然形成一个深凹。通过激光扫描确定了这条侵蚀沟的尺寸，结果表明土壤体积损失显著，坝体发生了很大变化。利用溃口形成模型预测溃坝过程中大坝不断下切产生的出流过程线。对出流过程线进行径流分析，以评估大坝决口时洪水波的淹没水位。在卡尔利河和杰赫勒姆河交汇处附近查明了下游危险地点，这表明需要建立预警系统，以避免生命损失。
The Hattian landslide, which was triggered by the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, formed one of largest landslide dams in the world and it has posed a serious threat of flooding to people living in the lower reach of the Jhelum River. In order to understand deformation occurring in the body of the dam, physical measurements using a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) were conducted. Gradual deformation and slowly developing backward erosion initially were observed, leading eventually to a sudden creation of a deep hollow on the downstream slope of the landslide dam. The dimensions of this eroded gully were determined by laser scanning, and the results showed a significant loss of soil volume and a large change in the body of the dam. A breach formation model was used to predict the outflow hydrograph generated by constant downcutting of dam during a breaching event. A run-off analysis of the outflow hydrograph was conducted to evaluate inundation levels of flood waves in case the dam is breached. Hazardous downstream locations were identified near the junction of the Karli and Jhelum Rivers, suggesting a need for early warning system in order to avoid loss of lives.