LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF COPPER RICH SWINE MANURE APPLICATION ON CONTINUOUS CORN PRODUCTION
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF COPPER RICH SWINE MANURE APPLICATION ON CONTINUOUS CORN PRODUCTION
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DOI：
10.1080/00103629109368468
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发表时间：
1991-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
LINDEMANN, MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ANDERSON, MA;MCKENNA, JR;LINDEMANN, MD
1978年春建立了三个长期田间试验，一直持续到1988年，以评价玉米(Zea Mays L.)富铜猪粪和CuSO4施用量对高铜水平的响应实地研究是在不同性质的土壤上进行的，即Bertie细砂壤土(细壤土、混合土、热壤土、潮土)、格恩西岛裂隙壤土(细壤土、混合土、中壤土、潮土)和Starr-Dyke粘土(细壤土、混合土、热透性粘土-粘土土、混合土、中壤土、典型土壤土)。在三种土壤上进行的长期田间试验的三个处理是：(1)对照，(2)作为富铜猪粪的铜的年度施用量，(3)以铜作为硫酸铜的年度施用量，相当于粪便中的铜。11年后，用1109mtha~(-1)的湿富铜猪粪处理。在猪日粮中添加251mgCuSO4，生产出平均含铜1316mgCuKg-1的富铜肥。在过去的11年里，土壤中平均添加了325公斤的铜，超过了美国环保局规定的农田铜安全负荷水平45公斤公顷-1。玉米穗叶中铜含量在3~15 mg kg-1的正常范围内，其中325 kg的Cuha-1作为富铜肥料或CuSO4连续11年施入土壤。籽粒中铜的浓度也在1~5 mg kg-1的正常范围内，这两种铜源在土壤中的浓度都很高。三种土壤上的玉米产量均未因施铜而减产。富铜有机肥和CuSO4的应用没有造成减产，这可能反映了在近中性pH条件下土壤中铜的有效性降低。
Three long-term field experiments were established in the spring of 1978 and continued through 1988 to evaluate corn (Zea mays L.) response to high Cu levels from Cu rich swine manure and CuSO4 applications. The field research was conducted on soils with diverse properties, i.e., on a Bertie fine sandy loam (fine-loamy, mixed, thermic, Aquic Hapludults), a Guernsey slit loam (fine, mixed, mesic, Aquic Hapludalfs), and a Starr-Dyke clay loam (fine-loamy, mixed, thermic Fluventic Dystrochrepts-clayey, mixed, mesic, Typic Rhodudults). Three treatments in the long-term field experiments on the three soils were i) a control, ii) annual applications of Cu as Cu rich swine manure, and iii) annual applications of Cu as CuSO4 equivalent to that in the manure. After the 11 years, 1109 mt ha-1 of wet Cu rich swine manure were applied for the manure treatment. The Cu rich manure, which contained an average of 1316 mg Cu kg-1, was produced by swine fed diets supplemented with an average of 251 mg Cu kg-1 as CuSO4. An average of 325 kg Cu ha-1 added to the soils from the manure application over the 11 years exceeded U.S.E.P.A. guidelines for safe copper loading levels for cropland by 45 kg ha-1. Copper concentrations in corn ear leaves were within the normal range of 3 to 15 mg kg-1 where the 325 kg Cu ha-1 were applied to the soils as either Cu rich manure or CuSO4 over the 11 years. Concentrations of Cu in the grain also were in the normal range of 1 to 5 mg kg-1 where the high level of the two Cu sources were applied to the soils. There was no decrease in corn yield on the three soils from application of either Cu source. The lack of yield decrease from the Cu rich manure and CuSO4 applications may reflect decreased Cu availability at the near neutral pH in the soils under study.