Spaces of hospitality
Spaces of hospitality
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
translated by james keye
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作者：
H. Friese;translated by james keye
“‘测量员，’他说，‘你不能留在这里。请原谅我的无礼。“我不想留下来，”K说，“我只是想休息一下。现在我受够了，我要走了。这名男子说，这种缺乏好客的态度可能会让你大吃一惊，但这里没有好客的习俗，我们不需要客人。这是卡夫卡在《城堡》的开头所写的，这是对K·S的迷宫般的描述，正如马克斯·布罗德所指出的那样，他徒劳而无望地试图“与村庄和城堡建立适当的关系”。这里没有好客的习俗，我们不需要客人“：在这个双重否定之后，身为异国他乡的诡异场景令人恶心地扩展。这位不速之客不得不面对陌生的建筑、莫名其妙的习俗、未知和难以理解的习惯，他遇到了神秘的人，面对的名字表明了无法辨认、可解释的关系，但却是完全陌生的陌生人。反过来，当地人被与外国人并列在一起，外国人不理解，行为古怪，扰乱了熟悉的舒适，即通常的事情秩序。“你不是城堡的人，你不是村子的人，你什么都不是。然而，不幸的是，你是一个陌生人，一个多余的人，一个到处都会受到阻碍的人，一个不断制造麻烦的人……一个意图在这里完全未知的人“(48)。即使是K‘S与一个女仆的恋情，以及他试图获得至少一个居民的保护的努力，也只会导致失败、不信任和恶意，并暴露出他痛苦的尝试是徒劳的，如果他不能成为一名“朋友”，至少成为一名“同胞”，不接受城堡的“施舍”，但坚持他应有的“权利”(24，74)。但是，一个陌生人能从村庄和城堡期待什么，他能要求什么，他被赋予了哪些权利？这位不速之客在到达后立即被问及他到场的原因、目标和意图，成为神秘的决定、莫名其妙和令人难以置信的规则和规定的制约因素。K只是一个外国人，他的命运被封存在文件的文件夹和文件的封面之间，无法进入办公室和官僚程序，这是一个决定了他是否存在的“荒谬的纠结”，正如他立即被指控的那样，他以“陌生人的方式”谈论这种纠结，误解了一切“甚至是沉默”。英国只是一个恼人的外国人，他甚至认为自己比“当地人”和“这里的每一个人”都更了解一切，而且有可能一次“完成一件
“‘Surveyor,’ he said, ‘you cannot stay here. Forgive the impoliteness.’ ‘I didn’t want to stay,’ said K., ‘I simply wanted a little rest. Now that I have had it, I am leaving.’ ‘This lack of hospitality may surprise you,’ said the man, ‘but there is no custom of hospitality here, we do not need guests.’” This is what Kafka writes at the outset of The Castle, a labyrinthine description of K.’s futile and hopeless attempts, as pointed out by Max Brod, “to acquire proper relations with the village and the castle.” “... There is no custom of hospitality here, we do not need guests”: following this double negation the uncanny scene of being foreign expands ad nauseam. The uninvited guest has to face unfamiliar edifices, inexplicable customs, unknown and undecipherable habits, he encounters enigmatic people and is confronted with names indicating not legible, interpretable relations but utterly unknown strangers. In turn, the locals are juxtaposed with a foreigner, one who does not comprehend, acts in an odd manner and disrupts familiar comforts, the usual order of things. “You’re not from the castle, you’re not from the village, you are nothing. Unfortunately, though, you are something, a stranger, one who is superfluous and gets in the way everywhere, one who is a constant source of trouble ... a man whose intentions are utterly unknown here” (48). Even K.’s love affair with a maid and his very effort to gain protection of at least one of the residents produce only failure, mistrust, malevolence and reveal nothing but the futility of his painful attempts, if he cannot become a “friend,” to at least become a “fellow citizen,” not to accept “charity” from the castle but insist on his due “rights” (24, 74). But what can a stranger expect from village and castle, what can he demand and which rights are accorded to him? The uninvited guest, interrogated immediately upon arrival about the reasons, goals and intentions of his presence, becomes subject to mysterious decisions, inexplicable and implausible rules and regulations. K. is but a foreigner whose fate is sealed between the folders of records, the covers of files, and has no access to the offices and bureaucratic processes, this “ridiculous tangle” which nevertheless decides upon his existence, a tangle about which he, as he is instantly accused, speaks “in the manner of a stranger,” miscomprehending everything “even the silence.” K. is but an annoying foreigner who even believes to know it all better than the “natives” and “everyone here” and that it is possible to once “accomplish something that