Secular and Religious Social Support Better Protect Blacks than Whites against Depressive Symptoms
Secular and Religious Social Support Better Protect Blacks than Whites against Depressive Symptoms
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DOI：
10.3390/bs8050046
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Lankarani, Maryam Moghani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Assari, Shervin;Lankarani, Maryam Moghani
目的：虽然社会支持对抑郁症的保护作用是众所周知的，但关于这种联系中的种族差异的信息有限。目前的研究考察了美国全国老年人样本中宗教和世俗情感社会支持对抑郁症状影响的黑人和白人的差异。方法：采用纵向前瞻性设计，对1493名黑人(n=734)和白人(n=759)老年人(年龄在66岁及以上)进行了为期3年的跟踪调查。2001年对种族、人口统计(年龄和性别)、社会经济(教育和婚姻状况)和上教堂的频率进行了基线测量。2004年测量了世俗社会支持、宗教社会支持、慢性疾病和抑郁症状[8项流行病学研究中心抑郁量表(CES-D)]。数据分析采用多元线性回归模型。结果：在混合样本中，排除所有协变量，世俗社会支持和宗教社会支持对抑郁症状都有保护作用。种族与世俗(交互作用的β=-0.62)和宗教(交互作用的β=-0.21)社会支持在基线抑郁症状上存在交互作用(P<；0.05)，这表明与白人相比，黑人受到的保护更大。在特定种族的模型中，黑人的长期社会支持对抑郁症状的影响的回归权重(β=-0.64)大于白人的回归权重(β=-0.16)。结论：我们发现世俗和宗教社会支持对抑郁症状的保护作用存在非黑即白的差异。与白人相比，黑人似乎从相同水平的情感社会支持中受益更多，无论其来源如何。
Purpose: Although the protective effect of social support against depression is well known, limited information exists on racial differences in this association. The current study examined Black-White differences in the effects of religious and secular emotional social support on depressive symptoms in a national sample of older adults in the United States. Methods: With a longitudinal prospective design, the Religion, Aging and Health Survey, 2001-2004, followed 1493 Black (n = 734) and White (n = 759) elderly individuals (age 66 and older) for three years. Race, demographics (age and gender), socio-economics (education and marital status) and frequency of church attendance were measured at baseline in 2001. Secular social support, religious social support, chronic medical conditions and depressive symptoms [8- item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D)] were measured in 2004. Multiple linear regression models were used for data analysis. Results: In the pooled sample, secular and religious social support were both protective against depressive symptoms, net of all covariates. Race interacted with secular (beta = -0.62 for interaction) and religious (beta = -0.21 for interaction) social support on baseline depressive symptoms (p < 0.05 for both interactions), suggesting larger protections for Blacks compared to Whites. In race-specific models, the regression weight for the effect of secular social support on depressive symptoms was larger for Blacks (beta = -0.64) than Whites (beta = -0.16). Conclusion: We found Black-White differences in the protective effects of secular and religious social support against depressive symptoms. Blacks seem to benefit more from the same level of emotional social support, regardless of its source, compared to Whites.