A review of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in pathology: are T1 and T2 diagnostic?
A review of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in pathology: are T1 and T2 diagnostic?
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1H核磁共振弛豫在病理学中的综述：T1和T2是否具有诊断意义？
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Allen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Bottomley;C. Hardy;R. Argersinger;G. Allen
纵向（T1）和横向（T2）质子（1H）核磁共振（NMR）弛豫时间的病理人类和动物组织在1-100 MHz的频率范围内存档，审查，并分析作为一个功能的组织起源，NMR频率，温度，物种，在体内与体外状态。来自骨、脑、乳腺、肾、肝、肌肉、胰腺和脾的特定疾病状态的T1数据可以通过在1-100 MHz范围内的形式T1 = AvB的简单分散来表征，其中A和B是经验确定的病理学依赖性常数。病理组织T2值基本上与NMR频率无关。将原始弛豫数据、最佳拟合T1参数A和B以及平均T2值与标准差和样本量一起沿着，以建立适用于NMR成像或体外NMR检查的病理组织弛豫时间的正常范围。弛豫数据的统计分析（假设独立）显示，大多数肿瘤和水肿组织的T1值以及一些乳腺、肝脏和肌肉肿瘤的T2值相对于正常显著升高（p ≥ 0.95），但与其他肿瘤和病理无显著差异。一些脑、乳腺和肺肿瘤的T1值和大多数病理组织的T2值的统计学显著异常不能在存在较大统计误差的情况下得到证实。将荷瘤动物或器官的未受累组织中的T1和T2作为一个组考虑时，与正常组织相比未显示出统计学显著性差异，表明与统计学不确定性相比，与肿瘤的存在相关的全身效应不明显。T1和T2的统计预测分析表明，在研究的所有组织中，考虑到当前发表的数据中的分散性，仅肝脏肝癌可以基于单个T1测量值（p大于或等于0.95）可靠地与正常肝脏区分开。事实上，数据分散，不容易归因于温度，物种，在体内与体外状态，包括植入或化学诱导的肿瘤，或可能存在的多组分弛豫，被认为是抑制定量NMR弛豫测量的诊断效用的主要因素。将联合收割机T1和T2数据结合起来作为诊断指标的可预测性指数也存在类似的不确定性问题。文献回顾揭示了缺乏的信息的温度和频率依赖性的病理组织松弛和可能存在的多个松弛组件。（400字处截断摘要）
The longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) proton (1H) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation times of pathological human and animal tissues in the frequency range 1-100 MHz are archived, reviewed, and analyzed as a function of tissue of origin, NMR frequency, temperature, species, and in vivo versus in vitro status. T1 data from specific disease states of the bone, brain, breast, kidney, liver, muscle, pancreas, and spleen can be characterized by simple dispersions of the form T1 = AvB in the range 1-100 MHz with A and B empirically determined pathology-dependent constants. Pathological tissue T2 values are essentially independent of NMR frequency. Raw relaxation data, best-fit T1 parameters A and B, and the mean T2 values, are tabulated along with standard deviations and sample size to establish the normal range of pathological tissue relaxation times applicable to NMR imaging or in vitro NMR examination. Statistical analysis of relaxation data, assumed independent, reveals that most tumor and edematous tissue T1 values and some breast, liver, and muscle tumor T2 values are significantly elevated (p greater than or equal to 0.95) relative to normal, but do not differ significantly from other tumors and pathologies. Statistically significant abnormalities in the T1 values of some brain, breast, and lung tumors, and most pathological tissue T2 values could not, however, be demonstrated in the presence of large statistical errors. Both T1 and T2 in uninvolved tissue from tumor-bearing animals or organs do not demonstrate statistically significant differences from normal when considered as a group, suggesting no appreciable systemic effects associated with the presence of tumors compared to the statistical uncertainty. Statistical prediction analysis for both T1 and T2 indicates that of all the tissues studied, only liver hepatoma can be reliably distinguished from normal liver based on a single T1 measurement (p greater than or equal to 0.95) given the scatter in the current published data. Indeed, data scatter, not easily attributable to temperature, species, in vivo versus in vitro status, the inclusion of implanted or chemical induced tumors, or the possible existence of multiple component relaxation, is recognized as the major factor inhibiting the diagnostic utility of quantitative NMR relaxation measurements. Malignancy indexes that combine T1 and T2 data as a diagnostic indicator suffer similar problems of uncertainty. The literature review reveals a dearth of information on the temperature and frequency dependence of pathological tissue relaxation and the possible existence of multiple relaxation components.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)