Prepared movements are elicited early by startle
Prepared movements are elicited early by startle
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DOI：
10.3200/jmbr.36.3.253-264
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Franks, IM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlsen, AN;Chua, R;Franks, IM
惊吓刺激已被证明在反应时间(RT)任务中在非常短的潜伏期内引发弹道反应，而不涉及大脑皮层(J.Valls-Sole，J.C.Rothwell，F.Gooulard，G.Cossu，&E.Mu(N)over tilde oz，1999)。本研究的作者研究了惊吓反应的性质。在一个简单的RT任务中，8名参与者在区块设计中执行3个目标距离(20度、40度和60度)的手臂伸展运动。在某些试验中，不可预测的令人震惊的声刺激(124分贝)取代了强制性刺激。作者通过观察胸锁乳突肌和眼轮匝肌的肌电活动，证实了惊吓反应的存在，独立于准备的反应。研究结果表明，当参与者被吓到时，预期的自愿反应产生的反应潜伏期要短得多。此外，在惊吓试验中观察到的所有3个目标距离的反应的运动学变量几乎没有变化。反应的肌电特征没有改变，表明所产生的反应确实是准备好的和预期的反应。
A startle stimulus has been shown to elicit a ballistic response in a reaction time (RT) task at very short latencies without involvement of the cerebral cortex (J. Valls-Sole, J. C. Rothwell, F. Gooulard, G. Cossu, & E. Mu (n) over tilde oz, 1999). The present authors examined the nature of the startle response. A simple RT task was used in which 8 participants performed arm extension movements to 3 target distances (20degrees, 40degrees, and 60degrees) in a blocked design. An unpredictable startling acoustic stimulus (124 dB) replaced the imperative stimulus in certain trials. The authors verified the presence of a startle response independent from the prepared response by observing electromyographic (EMG) activity in sternocleidomastoid and orbicularis oculi muscles. Findings indicated that when the participant was startled, the intended voluntary response was produced at significantly shorter response latencies. Furthermore, the kinematic variables of the observed response during startle trials for all 3 target distances were mostly unchanged. The EMG characteristics of the responses were not modified, indicating that the response produced was indeed the prepared and intended response.