The evolution of white-tailed jackrabbit camouflage in response to past and future seasonal climates
The evolution of white-tailed jackrabbit camouflage in response to past and future seasonal climates
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.ade3984
复制
发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Mafalda S. Ferreira;Timothy J. Thurman;Matthew R. Jones;Liliana Farelo;Alexander V. Kumar;Sebastian M. E. Mortimer-Se
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mafalda S. Ferreira;Timothy J. Thurman;Matthew R. Jones;Liliana Farelo;Alexander V. Kumar;Sebastian M. E. Mortimer-Se
适应性性状的遗传基础很少被用来预测种群未来对气候变化的脆弱性。我们发现，白尾长耳大野兔（兔townsendii）的光与暗的季节性毛皮跟踪积雪，主要是由内皮素受体类型B（EDNRB），corin丝氨酸肽酶（CORIN），和agglutinin信号蛋白（ASIP）的遗传变异。冬季颜色的变化与这些基因的等位基因分歧很大，反映了祖先和渐渗变异的选择。预测的积雪减少可能会导致广泛的伪装不匹配。然而，模拟种群的变化，为黑暗的冬季毛皮预测适应迅速，提供了一个基于性状的遗传框架，以促进进化的救援。这些发现展示了适应气候变化的遗传基础如何为保护提供信息。描述不匹配修复一系列广泛的哺乳动物物种已经适应了季节性的皮毛颜色变化，从棕色的夏季皮毛转变为白色的冬季皮毛，以适应它们的环境。气候变化已经开始影响积雪的范围和时间，使许多个人和人口在一年中的部分时间与他们的背景不匹配。Ferreira等人研究了这些毛色变化背后的遗传学及其在白尾杰克兔种群中的变异。三个特定基因的变异模式驱动毛色变化，并且在种群之间存在差异。模型表明，这些基因和种群的常设变异可能会使该物种迅速适应积雪减少和棕色外套。未来对积雪的适应取决于白尾长耳大野兔冬季伪装的长期遗传变异。
The genetic basis of adaptive traits has rarely been used to predict future vulnerability of populations to climate change. We show that light versus dark seasonal pelage in white-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus townsendii) tracks snow cover and is primarily determined by genetic variation at endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB), corin serine peptidase (CORIN), and agouti signaling protein (ASIP). Winter color variation was associated with deeply divergent alleles at these genes, reflecting selection on both ancestral and introgressed variation. Forecasted reductions in snow cover are likely to induce widespread camouflage mismatch. However, simulated populations with variation for darker winter pelage are predicted to adapt rapidly, providing a trait-based genetic framework to facilitate evolutionary rescue. These discoveries demonstrate how the genetic basis of climate change adaptation can inform conservation. Description Mismatch fix A wide array of mammal species have adapted seasonal coat color change, shifting from brownish summer coats to white-ish winter coats to match their environment. Climate change has already begun to affect the extent and timing of snow cover, leaving many individuals and populations now mismatched to their backgrounds for part of the year. Ferreira et al. looked at the genetics underlying these coat color changes and their variation across populations in white-tailed jack rabbits. Patterns of variation at three specific genes drove coat color change and differed across populations. Models suggest that standing variation across these genes and populations may allow for rapid adaptation to reduced snow cover and browner coats in this species. —SNV Future adaptation to snow cover depends on standing genetic variation for winter camouflage in white-tailed jackrabbits.