Discrimination performance of single neurons: rate and temporal-pattern information.
Discrimination performance of single neurons: rate and temporal-pattern information.
复制标题
单个神经元的辨别性能：速率和时间模式信息。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.1991.66.1.334
复制
发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Saunders,SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geisler,WS;Albrecht,DG;Salvi,RJ;Saunders,SS
1.本文提出了一种新的测量神经元在感觉辨别任务中的表现的方法，并应用于灰鼠听神经和猫视皮层纹状核的单神经元反应。大多数以前的测量辨别性能的方法都采用了决策规则，这些规则涉及比较由两种不同刺激产生的动作电位（尖峰）的总计数。这种测量忽略了响应模式，因此可能无法反映神经元传输的所有信息。所提出的方法试图通过构建神经元对每个刺激的反应的描述性模型来测量所有（或大部分）传输的信息;这些描述性模型由小时间箱中的尖峰计数的测量概率分布组成。测量的概率分布，然后用于定义一个最佳的决策规则（一个理想的观察者），用于区分两个刺激。最后，歧视的表现是通过应用这一决策规则，以新的介绍相同的两个刺激。3.测量了灰鼠听神经中三个神经元的强度和时间相位辨别力。辨别刺激为持续时间为70 ms的低频纯音。与传统计数法相比，新模式法在低强度下的强度阈值低5-20 dB。模式方法具有更好的性能，因为它同时利用了速率和时间模式信息。使用计数方法的相位辨别性能是偶然的，因为平均尖峰频率不随相位而变化。另一方面，使用图案方法，发现相位辨别阈值随强度降低，通常达到相当于30-40微秒的时间偏移的值。这些阈值与灰鼠的行为阈值一样好或更好。4.对比度和时间相位歧视的三个神经元在纹状视皮层的猫。歧视刺激漂移正弦波光栅的持续时间为100至160毫秒。对比度辨别功能测定的图案法和计数法被认为是基本相同的。计数法鉴相是偶然的。然而，使用模式的方法，相位阈值被发现降低对比度，达到相当于7毫秒的时间偏移的两个简单的细胞的值。5.我们的结果表明，时间反应模式携带了听觉神经强度和相位辨别以及纹状视觉皮质相位辨别的大量信息。（400字处截断摘要）
1. A new method of measuring the performance of neurons in sensory discrimination tasks was developed and then applied to single-neuron responses recorded in the auditory nerve of chinchilla and in the striate visual cortex of cat. 2. Most previous methods of measuring discrimination performance have employed decision rules that involve comparing the total counts of action potentials (spikes) produced by two different stimuli. Such measures ignore response pattern and hence may not reflect all the information transmitted by a neuron. The proposed method attempts to measure all (or most) of the transmitted information by constructing descriptive models of the neuron's response to each stimulus in the discrimination experiment; these descriptive models consist of measured probability distributions of the spike counts in small time bins. The measured probability distributions are then used to define an optimal decision rule (an ideal observer) for discriminating the two stimuli. Finally, discrimination performance is measured by applying this decision rule to novel presentations of the same two stimuli. 3. Intensity and temporal-phase discrimination were measured for three neurons in the auditory nerve of chinchilla. The discrimination stimuli were low-frequency pure tones of 70-ms duration. Intensity thresholds were found to be 5–20 dB lower at low intensities using the new pattern method compared with the traditional counting method. The pattern method led to better performance because it utilized both rate and temporal pattern information. Phase discrimination performance using the counting method was at chance because the average spike rate did not change with phase. On the other hand, using the pattern method, phase discrimination thresholds were found to decrease with intensity, often reaching values equivalent to 30–40 microseconds of temporal offset. These thresholds are as good as or better than behavioral thresholds in chinchilla. 4. Contrast and temporal-phase discrimination were measured for three neurons in the striate visual cortex of cat. The discrimination stimuli were drifting sine-wave gratings of 100- to 160-ms duration. Contrast discrimination functions measured by the pattern method and the counting method were found to be essentially identical. Phase discrimination using the counting method was at chance. However, using the pattern method, phase thresholds were found to decrease with contrast, reaching values equivalent to 7 ms of temporal offset for the two simple cells. 5. Our results suggest that temporal response pattern carries substantial information for intensity and phase discrimination in the auditory nerve and for phase discrimination in the striate visual cortex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)