Do Females in a Unisexual-Bisexual Species Complex Differ in Their Behavioral Syndromes and Cortisol Production?
Do Females in a Unisexual-Bisexual Species Complex Differ in Their Behavioral Syndromes and Cortisol Production?
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DOI：
10.3390/biology10030186
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发表时间：
2021-03-03
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Gabor CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muraco JJ Jr;Monroe DJ;Aspbury AS;Gabor CR
在包括人类在内的许多物种中，种群中的个体都有个性：在不同环境中一致的相关行为的集合（即，交配、进食）。个性受到食物或配偶竞争者以及个体产生的激素的影响）。竞争者可以包括同一物种或密切相关物种的其他个体。全雌性的亚马逊莫莉是一个杂交物种，需要与它的一个两性（雄性和雌性），父母物种共存，以繁殖。亚马逊海蛞蝓的一个亲种是帆鳍海蛞蝓。雌性帆鳍金枪鱼和亚马逊莫莉鱼为了交配和食物而争夺雄性，这可能会影响每个物种的个性。我们发现，这两个物种有着相似的性格，包括探索和活动之间的相关性。我们没有发现压力反应激素、皮质醇和个人性格之间的关系。然而，雌性亚马逊人的皮质醇释放率高于帆鳍鱼。性格可能是相似的，由于遗传限制，这些行为，并可能有利于亚马逊，如果这导致男性sailfin mollies与他们不匹配。然而，皮质醇释放率的差异可能是一个有用的配偶识别线索，男性抵消这种交配错误。对相关行为特征的研究（即，行为综合征）有助于理解行为进化的适应性重要性。行为综合征可能是进化上的限制，阻止行为独立进化，或者它们可能是对相关性本身的选择的适应性结果。我们测试了这些假设的特征的行为综合征在两个同域，密切相关的物种和测试物种之间的差异。我们研究了单性的亚马逊莫莉（Poecilia福尔摩沙）和它的一个两性，父母种，帆鳍莫莉（P. latipinna）。同域的雌性帆鳍金枪鱼和亚马逊莫莉竞争交配，这可能会影响在每个物种中发现的行为综合征。我们确定了一种行为综合征之间的探索和活动，在这两个物种之间没有不同的物种。此外，我们还探索了应激反应激素、皮质醇和行为类型之间的关系，但没有发现两者之间的关系。然而，P.福尔摩沙与P. latipinna的皮质醇释放速率不同。行为综合征可能被限制在这个复合体中，由于与宽鳍拟步行虫具有相似的行为类型，这有助于福尔摩沙获得配偶。雌性之间的皮质醇释放率的差异可能是一个有用的配偶识别线索的男性，以抵消较高的交配错误与类似的行为类型。
In many species, including humans, individuals in a population have personalities: collections of correlated behaviors that are consistent across different environments (i.e., mating, eating). Personalities are affected by competitors for food or mates and the hormones produced by individuals). Competitors can include other individuals of the same species or closely related species. The all-female, Amazon molly is a hybrid species, and needs to coexist with one of its bisexual (males and females), parent species, to reproduce. One parent species of the Amazon molly is the sailfin molly. Female sailfin and Amazon mollies compete for access to males for mating and food which could affect the personalities of individuals of each species. We found that both species have similar personalities consisting of a correlation between exploration and activity. We did not detect a relationship between a stress response hormone, cortisol, and individual personality. However, the all-female Amazons had higher cortisol release rates than sailfins. Personalities may be similar due to genetic constraints that link these behaviors, and might benefit Amazons if this causes male sailfin mollies to mismate with them. However, the differences in cortisol release rates may be a useful mate identification cue for males to offset such mating mistakes. Studies of suites of correlated behavioral traits (i.e., behavioral syndromes) aid in understanding the adaptive importance of behavioral evolution. Behavioral syndromes may be evolutionarily constrained, preventing behaviors from evolving independently, or they may be an adaptive result of selection on the correlation itself. We tested these hypotheses by characterizing the behavioral syndromes in two sympatric, closely related species and testing for differences between the species. We studied the unisexual Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) and one of its bisexual, parent species, the sailfin molly (P. latipinna). Sympatric female sailfin and Amazon mollies compete for mating which could affect the behavioral syndromes found in each species. We identified a behavioral syndrome between exploration and activity in both species that did not differ between species. Additionally, we explored the relationship between a stress response hormone, cortisol, and behavioral type, and did not detect a relationship. However, P. formosa differed from P. latipinna in their cortisol release rates. Behavioral syndromes may be constrained in this complex, aiding in mate acquisition for P. formosa by virtue of having a similar behavioral type to P. latipinna. The difference between the females in cortisol release rates may be a useful mate identification cue for males to offset higher mating mistakes associated with the similar behavioral types.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Carere, Claudio;Caramaschi, Doretta;Fawcett, Tim W.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2
作者：
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通讯作者：
Gabor, C. R.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Gumm, JM;Gabor, CR
通讯作者：
Gabor, CR