Effects of long- and short-term exposure to carbaryl on survival, growth and reproduction of Daphnia ambigua.
Effects of long- and short-term exposure to carbaryl on survival, growth and reproduction of Daphnia ambigua.
复制标题
长期和短期接触西维因对水蚤生存、生长和繁殖的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/0269-7491(91)90110-i
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Takayuki Hanazato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takayuki Hanazato
在实验室实验中，一种枝藻，Daphnia ambigua，在五种不同浓度的杀虫剂西维因中暴露六龄（1、2、3、4、5微克/升）或在动物的不同生命阶段短期（10小时）接触5微克/升的西维因。在长期接触实验中，1微克/升的西维因对动物没有任何可检测到的影响，而2 μg l-1会降低动物的存活率、生长和繁殖，更高的浓度会在动物长到五龄之前杀死所有被检查的动物。这些结果表明西维因福特D.在短期接触实验中，动物在卵期接触该化学品时没有受到任何损害。但在末龄胚胎期至三龄幼虫的生活史中进行短时间的暴露，会降低其生长和产卵量。当动物在第一龄期间接受治疗时，效果最为明显，表明这是动物对化学品最敏感的阶段。
In laboratory experiments a cladoceran,Daphnia ambigua, was exposed for six instars to the insecticide carbaryl at five different concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 μg litre−1) or received short-term (10-h) exposure to 5 μg carbaryl litre−1at different life stages of the animal.In the long-term exposure experiments carbaryl at 1 μg litre−1did not have any detectable effects on the animals, whereas 2 μg litre−1reduced the survival, growth and reproduction of the animals, and higher concentrations killed all the animals examined before they grew to the fifth instar. These results indicate that the range of sublethal concentrations of carbaryl forD. ambiguais narrow.In the short-term exposure experiments the animals did not suffer any damage when they were exposed to the chemical during the egg stage. However, their growth and egg production were reduced when the short-term exposure was conducted during the life stages from the final embryo stage to the third instar. The effect was most marked when the animals were treated during the first instar, indicating that this is the stage when the animals are most sensitive to the chemical.