Participation of octopaminergic reward system and dopaminergic punishment system in insect olfactory learning revealed by pharmacological study
Participation of octopaminergic reward system and dopaminergic punishment system in insect olfactory learning revealed by pharmacological study
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04318.x
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Mizunami, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Unoki, S;Matsumoto, Y;Mizunami, M
生物胺在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的行为调控中起着重要作用。以前对蜜蜂和果蝇的研究表明，章鱼胺(OA，去甲肾上腺素的无脊椎动物)和多巴胺(DA)分别参与了以蔗糖奖励的食欲嗅觉条件反射和以电击惩罚的厌恶嗅觉条件反射。为了确定这两种Chatecolamine对电击和糖学习的影响是否可以推广到其他类型的食欲和厌恶强化剂，我们研究了OA和DA受体拮抗剂对板栗水奖励的食欲嗅觉学习和生理盐水惩罚的厌恶嗅觉学习的影响。向血淋巴中注入OA受体拮抗剂依匹斯汀或米安色林后，水奖赏的食欲学习受到损害，而生理盐水惩罚的厌恶性学习则保持不变。相比之下，DA受体拮抗剂氟奋乃静、氯丙嗪或螺环酮可以削弱厌恶性学习，但不会影响食欲学习。这一发现，结合以前的研究结果，表明八胺能奖赏系统和多巴胺能惩罚系统通过各种食欲和厌恶的强化参与昆虫嗅觉学习。
Biogenic amines play major roles in the regulation of behavior in vertebrates and invertebrates. Previous studies in honey bees and fruit-flies Drosophila suggested that octopamine (OA, invertebrate counterpart of noradrenaline) and dopamine (DA) participate in appetitive olfactory conditioning with sucrose reward and aversive olfactory conditioning with electric shock punishment, respectively. In order to determine whether the effects of the two chatecholamines on electric shock and sugar learning can be generalized to other kinds of appetitive and aversive reinforcers, we studied the effects of OA and DA receptor antagonists on appetitive olfactory learning with water reward, and aversive olfactory learning with saline punishment in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. Crickets injected with epinastine or mianserin, OA receptor antagonists, into the hemolymph exhibited an impairment of appetitive learning with water reward, while aversive learning with saline punishment remained intact. In contrast, fluphenazine, chlorpromazine or spiperone, DA receptor antagonists, impaired aversive learning without affecting appetitive learning. This finding, combined with findings in previous studies, suggests that the octopaminergic reward system and dopaminergic punishment system participate in insect olfactory learning with various appetitive and aversive reinforcements.