Depth perception: the need to report ocean biogeochemical rates as functions of temperature, not depth
Depth perception: the need to report ocean biogeochemical rates as functions of temperature, not depth
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DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2016.0319
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发表时间：
2017-09-13
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Peltzer, Edward T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brewer, Peter G.;Peltzer, Edward T.
50多年来，海洋科学家在大多数海洋地球化学模型中奇怪地将海洋耗氧率表示为深度而不是温度的函数。这一独特的传统或策略阻碍了对气候变化影响的有益讨论，因为需要具体和基本的温度依赖性术语。尽管深海中的耗氧率具有众所周知的微生物基础，但几乎普遍报告说，用示踪剂测定深海中的耗氧率是深度的函数。在最近的工作中，我们已经表明，一个仔细确定的配置文件中的马尾藻海的耗氧率可以很好地表示为一个经典的Arkidius函数的活化能为86.5 kJ mol（-1），导致Q（10）的3.63。这表明，对于2摄氏度的变暖，我们将有29%的海洋氧气消耗率增加，而对于3摄氏度的变暖，增加47%，如果微生物有足够的有机物，可能导致大规模的海洋缺氧。在这里，我们表明，同样的原则适用于全球范围内基于示踪剂的耗氧率数据的整理，大约95%的海洋耗氧量是由温度驱动的，而不是深度，因此将具有很强的气候依赖性。Arabius/Eyring方程并不是简单的万灵药，它们需要一个非平衡的稳态存在。在瞬变事件正在进行的地方，这种狭窄是不遵守的，我们展示了一个这样的可能的例子。这篇文章是主题问题“海洋通风和脱氧在一个变暖的世界”的一部分。
For over 50 years, ocean scientists have oddly represented ocean oxygen consumption rates as a function of depth but not temperature in most biogeochemical models. This unique tradition or tactic inhibits useful discussion of climate change impacts, where specific and fundamental temperature-dependent terms are required. Tracerbased determinations of oxygen consumption rates in the deep sea are nearly universally reported as a function of depth in spite of their well-known microbial basis. In recent work, we have shown that a carefully determined profile of oxygen consumption rates in the Sargasso Sea can be well represented by a classical Arrhenius function with an activation energy of 86.5 kJ mol(-1), leading to a Q(10) of 3.63. This indicates that for 2 degrees C warming, we will have a 29% increase in ocean oxygen consumption rates, and for 3 degrees C warming, a 47% increase, potentially leading to large-scale ocean hypoxia should a sufficient amount of organic matter be available to microbes. Here, we show that the same principles apply to a worldwide collation of tracer-based oxygen consumption rate data and that some 95% of ocean oxygen consumption is driven by temperature, not depth, and thus will have a strong climate dependence. The Arrhenius/Eyring equations are no simple panacea and they require a non-equilibrium steady state to exist. Where transient events are in progress, this stricture is not obeyed and we show one such possible example.This article is part of the themed issue 'Ocean ventilation and deoxygenation in a warming world'.