DIET, EXERCISE, AND GLYCOGEN CHANGES IN HUMAN MUSCLE FIBERS
DIET, EXERCISE, AND GLYCOGEN CHANGES IN HUMAN MUSCLE FIBERS
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DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1972.33.4.421
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发表时间：
1972-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
PIEHL, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GOLLNICK, PD;ARMSTRONG, RB;PIEHL, K
材料与方法4名健康男性体育系学生（身体特征见表1）在休息时、运动中和运动后进行了研究。如图1所示，研究了饮食和运动对股外侧肌糖原含量和分布的影响。先前已发表了对饮食的一般描述（3）混合（M）饮食不受控制。高脂肪-蛋白质（FP）饮食分别含有约1，600、1，800和100千卡的蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物。富含碳水化合物（CHO）的饮食含有2,000千卡的碳水化合物和1,500千卡的脂肪和蛋白质。在研究的任何阶段均不控制无热量食物和水的摄入。这些饮食不是随机给予受试者的，因为图1中描述的模式需要获得所需的极高肌糖原水平（3）。受试者于下午三点左右到实验室报到，并采用活检技术（2）从股外侧肌采集一份肌肉样本。受试者在自行车测功仪上进行30 min的负荷运动，所需的有氧功率约为受试者有氧功率的749%。在工作的第12分钟和第25分钟后，将呼出的空气收集在道格拉斯袋中。在每个采样期采集两个袋。呼气量在湿肺量计中测量，并且气体样品用Halfestion技术分析。在运动结束时，从股外侧肌采集第二个活检样本。将肌肉样品分为两部分，一部分用于组织化学分析，另一部分用于糖原测定。在去除结缔组织和脂肪后，将样品在液氮中冷冻。这些程序所需时间少于1分钟。该时间间隔不应影响结果，因为Hultman（15）已表明，在室温下放置长达10分钟的肌肉样品中，糖原含量没有下降。
MATERIALS AND METHODSFour healthy male physical education students (see Table 1 for physical characteristics) were studied at rest, and during and after exercise. The effects of diet and exercise on the content and distribution of glycogen in the vastus lateralis muscle were studied as outlined in Fig. 1. A general description of the diets has been published previously (3) The mixed (M) diet was uncontrolled. The high fat-protein (FP) diet contained approximately 1,600, 1,800, and 100 kcal from protein, fat, and carbohydrate, respectively. The carbohydrate-enriched(CHO) diet contained 2,000 kcal from carbohydrate and 1,500 kcal from fat and protein. The intake of noncaloric food and water was not controlled in any phase of the study. These diets were not randomly administered to the subjects because the pattern described in Fig. 1 was required to obtain the extremely high muscle glycogen levels that were desired (3). The subjects reported to the laboratory in midafternoon and one muscle sample was taken with the biopsy technique (2) from the vastus lateralis muscle. The subjects then exercised on a bicycle ergometer for 30 min at a load requiring approximately 74 9%~ of their aerobic power. Expired air was collected in Douglas bags after the 12th and 25th min of work. Two bags were collected during each sampling period. Expired volume was measured in a wet spirometer and the gas samples analyzed with the Haldane technique. A second biopsy sample was taken from the vastus lateralis muscle at the termination of the exercise. The muscle samples were divided into two parts, one for histochemical analysis and the other for glycogen determination. The samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen after being freed from connective tissue and fat. These procedures required less than 1 min. This time interval should not have influenced the results since Hultman(15) has shown that no decline in glycogen content occurred in muscle samples that were left for up to 10 min at room