A genome‐wide analysis of NPF and NRT2 transporter gene families in bread wheat provides new insights into the distribution, function, regulation and evolution of nitrate transporters
A genome‐wide analysis of NPF and NRT2 transporter gene families in bread wheat provides new insights into the distribution, function, regulation and evolution of nitrate transporters
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DOI：
10.1007/s11104-021-04927-8
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Mengjiao Li;Hui Tian;Yajun Gao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mengjiao Li;Hui Tian;Yajun Gao
植物硝酸盐转运蛋白（NRT）主要由NPF和NRT 2基因家族编码。本研究旨在揭示NPF和NRT 2基因在小麦基因组中的染色体分布、共线性、共表达和进化。方法综合基因组信息、共线性分析、共表达网络分析、硝酸盐转运活性和多态性分析等技术，对小麦基因组中的331个NPF和46个NRT 2基因进行鉴定和分析。串联重复是NRT 2基因扩增的主要驱动力。NPF基因主要分布在2、3、7号染色体组和R2b区域。NRT 2基因主要分布在6号染色体组和R1区。多个转录因子家族在小麦中与NPF和NRT 2基因共表达。两个NPF和一个NRT 2可以在0.5 mM或10 mM硝酸盐浓度下运输NO3−。185个NPF基因和27个NRT 2基因符合中性选择模型。NPF基因的自然变异导致了小麦氮素吸收的差异。结论重复事件普遍存在于小麦基因组中的NPF和NRT 2基因家族。GRAS可能是一种以前未被认识的转录因子，它调节NPF基因的表达。仅根据NPF和NRT 2蛋白的系统发育关系预测其活性是不可靠的。NPF和NRT 2基因的多态性主要通过随机漂移积累。
AimsNitrate transporters (NRT) in plants are mainly encoded by the NPF and NRT2 gene families. We aimed to reveal the chromosome distribution, collinearity, coexpression and evolution of the NPF and NRT2 genes in the genome of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Nitrate transport activity of representative proteins was also verified.MethodsGenomic information, collinearity analysis, coexpression network analysis, nitrate transport activity and polymorphism analysis were integrated to identify and characterize the NPF and NRT2 genes.ResultsWe identified 331 NPF and 46 NRT2 genes in the wheat genome. Tandem duplication was the main driver of the expansion of the NRT2 genes. The NPF genes were mainly distributed on the 2-, 3- and 7- chromosome groups and in the R2b region. The NRT2 genes were mainly distributed on the 6-chromosome group and in the R1 region. Multiple transcription factor families were coexpressed with NPF and NRT2 genes in wheat. Two NPFs and one NRT2 could transport NO3−under either 0.5 mM or 10 mM nitrate concentrations. One hundred and eighty-five NPF and 27 NRT2 genes fit the neutral selection model. Natural variations in NPF genes resulted in differences in the nitrogen uptake of wheat.ConclusionsDuplication events are ubiquitous in NPF and NRT2 gene families in the wheat genome. GRAS may be a previously unrecognized transcription factor that regulates NPF genes expression. It is unreliable to predict the activity of NPF and NRT2 proteins based only on their phylogenetic relationships. Polymorphisms in NPF and NRT2 genes mainly accumulate by random drift.