Genetic mutations in RNA-binding proteins and their roles in ALS.

Genetic mutations in RNA-binding proteins and their roles in ALS.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00439-017-1830-7
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发表时间:
2017-09
期刊:
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Yeo GW
Yeo GW
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kapeli K;Martinez FJ;Yeo GW

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编码rna结合蛋白(rbp)的基因突变已成为神经系统疾病的关键决定因素,特别是运动神经元疾病,如肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)。rbp参与RNA加工的各个环节,控制着RNA从合成到降解的生命周期。rbp在神经元功能障碍中的标志性特征包括RNA加工的错误调节,rbp在细胞质中的错误定位以及rbp的异常聚集。在了解rbp中als相关突变如何驱动发病机制方面取得了很大进展。在这里,我们将重点关注als中涉及的几个关键rbp - tdp -43、HNRNP A2/B1、HNRNP A1、FUS、EWSR1和taf15,并回顾我们目前对这些蛋白突变如何导致疾病的理解。
Mutations in genes that encode RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have emerged as critical determinants of neurological diseases, especially motor neuron disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). RBPs are involved in all aspects of RNA processing, controlling the life cycle of RNAs from synthesis to degradation. Hallmark features of RBPs in neuron dysfunction include misregulation of RNA processing, mislocalization of RBPs to the cytoplasm, and abnormal aggregation of RBPs. Much progress has been made in understanding how ALS-associated mutations in RBPs drive pathogenesis. Here, we focus on several key RBPs involved in ALS—TDP-43, HNRNP A2/B1, HNRNP A1, FUS, EWSR1, and TAF15—and review our current understanding of how mutations in these proteins cause disease.
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