HIV-1 Superinfection and its Implications for Vaccine Design
HIV-1 Superinfection and its Implications for Vaccine Design
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DOI：
10.2174/157016210794088218
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Overbaugh, Julie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chohan, Bhavna H.;Piantadosi, Anne;Overbaugh, Julie
HIV-1重叠感染是指在确定首次HIV-1感染后，来自不同来源伴侣的后续HIV-1感染，现已在多个人群中得到充分记录。一些研究表明，重复感染的风险可能接近初始感染的风险，这表明慢性HIV-1感染诱导的免疫力可能不足以提供对另一种HIV-1毒株的保护。详细的研究检查了双重感染者的免疫反应，通常支持这一假设，但此类研究有限。事实上，除了疫苗试验之外，重复感染是少数几个有机会深入了解艾滋病毒特异性免疫在人类保护中的作用的环境之一，应该加以利用。同样，对接受抗逆转录病毒治疗并继续暴露于艾滋病毒的艾滋病毒1阳性个体的重复感染进行研究，可以深入了解抗逆转录病毒治疗在保护免受艾滋病毒1感染方面的作用，这一概念也正在探索其预防首次艾滋病毒1感染的潜力。为了解决这些问题，需要进行更大规模的基于人群的研究，确定重复感染的发生率和时间，并收集免疫学研究的样本。
HIV-1 superinfection, which refers to a subsequent HIV-1 infection from a different source partner after the first HIV-1 infection is established, has now been well documented in multiple populations. Some studies suggest that the risk of superinfection may be close to that of initial infection, suggesting that the immunity induced by chronic HIV-1 infection may not be adequate to confer protection from another HIV-1 strain. Detailed studies that examined immune responses in individuals who became superinfected generally support this hypothesis, but such studies have been limited. Indeed, superinfection represents one of the few settings, apart from vaccine trials, where there is an opportunity to gain insights into the role of HIV-specific immunity in protection in humans, and this should be exploited. Likewise, studies of superinfection in HIV-1 positive individuals on antiretroviral therapy who continue to be exposed to HIV could provide insight into the role of antiretroviral treatment in protecting from HIV-1 infection, a concept that is also being explored for its potential to prevent a first HIV-1 infection. To address these questions, larger population-based studies that define the incidence and timing of superinfection and include collection of samples for immunological studies are needed.