Analyses of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] lines and hybrids in response to early-season planting and cool conditions
Analyses of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] lines and hybrids in response to early-season planting and cool conditions
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DOI：
10.4141/cjps2012-311
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Little, Christopher R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kapanigowda, Mohankumar H.;Perumal, Ramasamy;Little, Christopher R.
高粱的早季耐寒性有助于出苗、幼苗建立和早期营养生长，并减少寒冷条件下的猝倒病。本研究的目的是确定耐冷来源，并在受控环境下评估和优化快速筛选技术。田间研究涉及 48 个基因型，代表杂交发育过程的各个阶段（地方品种、优良和先进育种系、重组自交系 (RIL) 和杂交种），于 2011 年在堪萨斯州海斯和科尔比的早期和正常种植日期进行。在受控环境下，使用 18 个基因型在两个地点进行了研究，这些基因型的出苗指数 (El) 和出苗后 30 天 (DAE) 芽生物量有所不同。 2011. 记录了所有幼苗性状（出苗率、El、芽生物量、株高和叶数（30 DAE 测量））和农艺性状（50%开花天数、圆锥花序伸出、圆锥花序长度和成熟时株高）的显着差异。八个高级育种品系：ARCH10731、ARCH10732、ARCH10736、 ARCH10737、ARCH10738、ARCH10739、ARCH10744 和 ARCH10749 以及一种 RIL (RTx430/SQR-2) 被发现是潜在的耐寒来源，具有早期 El、较高的生物量和相对较早的开花，这些基因型不含单宁，有助于提高牲畜的饲料谷物效率，因此被选择进行测试杂交评价，以评估生育状况、配合能力和产量表现。在早期种植期间观察到El和生物量之间存在显着相关性，这表明晚出苗基因型比早出苗基因型产生更大的生物量（30 DAE）。El生长室和田间研究之间的显着相关性为鉴定耐寒高粱提供了一种潜在且快速的初步高通量筛选技术。
Early-season cold tolerance in sorghum contributes to emergence, seedling establishment, and early vegetative growth, and reduces damping-off diseases under chilling conditions. The objectives of this study were to identify cold-tolerant sources and to evaluate and optimize rapid screening techniques under a controlled environment. Field studies involving 48 genotypes, representing phases of the hybrid development process (landraces, elite and advanced breeding lines, recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and hybrids were conducted with early and normal planting dates in 2011 at Hays and Colby, Kansas. Studies under controlled environments were conducted at both locations using 18 genotypes that differ for emergence index (El) and 30 d after emergence (DAE) shoot biomass based on field studies during 2011. Significant differences among the genotypes were recorded for all seedling traits (emergence percentage, El, shoot biomass, plant height, and leaf number measured 30 DAE), and agronomic traits (days to 50% flowering, panicle exsertion, panicle length, and plant height at maturity). Eight advanced breeding lines: ARCH10731, ARCH10732, ARCH10736, ARCH10737, ARCH10738, ARCH10739, ARCH10744 and ARCH10749 and one RIL (RTx430/SQR-2) were found to be potential sources of cold tolerance with early El, higher biomass and relatively early flowering. These genotypes are free from tannin, which helps to increase the feed grain efficiency of livestock, and hence were selected for test hybrid evaluation to assess fertility status, combining ability and yield performance. Significant correlation was observed between El and biomass during early planting, which indicated that late-emerging genotypes produced greater biomass (30 DAE) compared with early-emerged genotypes. Significant correlation between growth chamber and field study for El offers a potential and fast preliminary high-throughput screening technique for identification of cold-tolerant sorghum.